Double Barreled Electrodes
Double Barreled Electrodes - Related Videos
11:08
Double-barreled and Concentric Microelectrodes for Measurement of Extracellular Ion Signals in Brain Tissue
0 Views •
Cited by 19 •
2015
We demonstrate the fabrication, calibration and properties of two types of ion-selective microelectrodes (double-barreled and concentric) for measurement of ion concentrations in brain tissue. These are then used in the mouse hippocampal slice preparation to show that excitatory activity changes both extracellular potassium and sodium concentrations.
03:28
Functional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Rat Barrel Cortex During Whisker Stimulation
0 Views •
2025
Source: Blanc, J., et al. Functional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy at 7 T in the Rat Barrel Cortex During Whisker Activation. J. Vis. Exp. (2019)This video demonstrates the method of analyzing metabolic changes in the rat barrel cortex using functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy during whisker stimulation. Baseline metabolite spectra are compared with stimulated spectra to detect lactate increase in the barrel cortex, confirming successful neuronal activation.
06:52
Manufacturing and Using Piggy-back Multibarrel Electrodes for In vivo Pharmacological Manipulations of Neural Responses
0 Views •
Cited by 8 •
2013
Iontophoresis of neural agonists and antagonists during extracellular in vivo recordings is a powerful way to manipulate a neuron’s microenvironment. These manipulations can most easily be done via piggy-back multibarrel electrodes. Here we describe how to manufacture them and use them during auditory recordings.
09:55
From Constructs to Crystals – Towards Structure Determination of β-barrel Outer Membrane Proteins
0 Views •
Cited by 8 •
2016
β-barrel outer membrane proteins (OMPs) serve many functions within the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. Here, we hope to alleviate a known bottleneck in structural studies by presenting protocols for the production of β-barrel OMPs in sufficient quantities for structure determination by X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy.
08:47
Spinal Cord Electrophysiology II: Extracellular Suction Electrode Fabrication
0 Views •
Cited by 2 •
2011
A demonstration of the fabrication and use of an extracellular suction electrode used to measure electrophysiological recordings of neonatal rodent spinal cords in...
FAQs
Independent electrical access allows each barrel to perform a different task during the same experiment. One channel can monitor membrane potential or extracellular activity while the other delivers current or applies a substance by iontophoresis. Because these operations occur through one probe, researchers can compare a neuronal response with a targeted electrical or chemical change at the same location.
Separate channel control helps distinguish the signal being measured from the intervention being applied. A recorded change in membrane potential or extracellular activity can be examined while current delivery or local substance application alters the cell’s environment. This arrangement supports more direct analysis of how stimulation or pharmacological manipulation affects neuronal activity.
Targeting the local environment preserves spatial control around the recorded neuron or neural region. The second barrel can modify electrical conditions or introduce a substance while the first monitors activity, allowing researchers to examine effects on membrane excitability, synaptic transmission, or nearby circuit function. This localized design is useful when broad stimulation would obscure the response.
Researchers position the paired probe so that one barrel can record membrane potential or extracellular activity and the second can deliver the selected electrical or chemical manipulation. They then monitor the recorded signal while applying current or a substance through the separate channel. Comparing activity before, during, or after the intervention links the manipulation with its neural effect.
These electrodes can reveal how targeted stimulation or pharmacological changes influence neuronal electrical behavior. Measurements may be used to examine membrane excitability, synaptic transmission, and neural circuit function while the local environment is altered. The combined recording and manipulation approach therefore connects an applied intervention with changes in electrical activity rather than measuring either process in isolation.
They are particularly valuable when an experiment requires recording from a cell while changing its nearby chemical or electrical conditions. Applications include investigating synaptic transmission, membrane excitability, and neural circuit function. By combining monitoring with targeted current delivery or iontophoretic substance application, the approach helps researchers study how local interventions shape neuronal responses.