Dorsal Ventral Axis
Dorsal Ventral Axis - Related Videos
09:45
Preparation of Parasagittal Slices for the Investigation of Dorsal-ventral Organization of the Rodent Medial Entorhinal Cortex
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Cited by 36 •
2012
We describe procedures for preparation and electrophysiological recording from brain slices that maintain the dorsal-ventral axis of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC). Because neural encoding of location follows a dorsal-ventral organization within the MEC, these procedures facilitate investigation of cellular mechanisms important for navigation and memory.
09:10
The Preparation of Oblique Spinal Cord Slices for Ventral Root Stimulation
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Cited by 1 •
2016
We show how to prepare oblique slices of the spinal cord in young mice. This preparation allows for the stimulation of the ventral roots.
09:19
In ovo Expression of MicroRNA in Ventral Chick Midbrain
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Cited by 5 •
2013
Ectopic expression is one technique to elucidate the microRNAs role in brain development. However, targeting specific areas using in ovo electroporation is challenging. Here, we show an efficient way to selectively electroporate ventral and dorsal midbrain regions.
05:13
Co-culturing of Ventral Hippocampal and Nucleus Accumbens
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2025
This video demonstrates the process of preparing ventral hippocampal and nucleus accumbens tissues from mouse brains for co-culture. Neurons extend projections to form synaptic connections between the ventral hippocampal and nucleus accumbens tissues. This method allows studying neuronal interactions between these two brain regions, offering insights into cognition, behavior, and neurological disorders.
08:30
A Method to Make a Craniotomy on the Ventral Skull of Neonate Rodents
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Cited by 6 •
2014
A surgical method is described to expose the ventral skull in neonate rats. Using this approach it is possible to open a craniotomy to perform acute electrophysiology and two-photon microscopy experiments in the brainstem of anesthetized pups.
FAQs
The pattern depends on opposing signaling influences. BMP activity promotes ventral identity, while the secreted antagonists Chordin and Noggin restrict BMP signaling and permit dorsal regions to be specified. This spatial regulation converts differences in signaling into distinct developmental identities, creating positional information that guides the later organization of tissues and organs.
Signaling gradients give cells positional information rather than a single uniform instruction. Cells interpret their local signaling environment and adopt different fates according to the cues they receive. This interpretation allows neighboring regions of an embryo to become distinct while remaining coordinated, making gradient-based signaling central to patterned tissue development.
Dorsal-ventral signals first help cells acquire region-specific identities, then support the arrangement of those cells into organized tissues. The connection between signaling, fate choice, and tissue assembly explains why axis formation matters beyond early pattern specification. It also provides a framework for studying how coordinated developmental decisions produce structured organs.
Researchers can examine dorsal-ventral patterning to understand how disrupted signaling or incorrect regional specification may affect tissue and organ organization. Focusing on BMP activity, its antagonists, and the resulting cell identities connects molecular patterning with developmental structure. This makes the axis a useful framework for investigating congenital abnormalities linked to abnormal body organization.
Tissue engineering can draw on the principles of dorsal-ventral patterning to study how spatial signals guide cells toward distinct identities and organized arrangements. Understanding how signaling environments influence fate and tissue assembly helps researchers consider ways to reproduce developmental organization when investigating engineered tissues and their structural properties.
The axis provides a common developmental framework for comparing how organisms establish and organize body regions. Researchers can examine the relationship between signaling, regional identity, and tissue assembly across different forms of development. Such comparisons help clarify shared principles and differences in the mechanisms that produce organized body plans.