Morpholino Oligomers
Morpholino Oligomers - Related Videos
04:19
Size-Exclusion Chromatography with Multi-Angle Light Scattering for Protein Oligomers
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2025
This video describes SEC-MALS, which leverages the abilities of size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and multi-angle light scattering (MALS). In SEC-MALS, the SEC separates proteins or protein complexes based on their size, and the MALS detector determines the average molecular weight by measuring the intensity of the light scattered by the molecule at different angles.
05:29
Controlled Infusion of Aβ Peptide-Specific Antibodies and Aβ Oligomers into the Rat Hippocampus
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2025
This video demonstrates a technique for the continuous infusion of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide-specific antibodies into the hippocampus of a rat. The study employs implanting a bilateral cannula system for a controlled infusion of Aβ peptide-specific antibodies coupled with the infusion of soluble Aβ oligomers (Aβo) into the rat hippocampus to study the interactions between the oligomers and the antibodies.
10:19
Neurodegeneration in an Animal Model of Chronic Amyloid-beta Oligomer Infusion Is Counteracted by Antibody Treatment Infused with Osmotic Pumps
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Cited by 11 •
2016
To study the effects of Aβo in vivo, we developed a model based on repeated hippocampal infusions of soluble Aβo coupled with continuous infusion of Aβo antibody (6E10) in the hippocampus using osmotic pumps to counteract the neurotoxic effect of Aβo.
06:34
A Tailored HPLC Purification Protocol That Yields High-purity Amyloid Beta 42 and Amyloid Beta 40 Peptides, Capable of Oligomer Formation
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Cited by 6 •
2017
Herein we report a tailored HPLC purification protocol that yields high-purity amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) and amyloid beta 40 (Aβ40) peptides, capable of oligomer formation. Amyloid beta is a highly aggregation prone, hydrophobic peptide implicated in Alzheimer's disease. The amyloidogenic nature of the peptide makes its purification a challenge.
09:49
Sedimentation Equilibrium of a Small Oligomer-forming Membrane Protein: Effect of Histidine Protonation on Pentameric Stability
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Cited by 3 •
2015
Sedimentation equilibrium (SE) can be used to study protein-protein interactions in a physiological environment. This manuscript describes the use of this technique to determine the effect of pH on the stability of a homo-pentamer formed by the small hydrophobic (SH) protein encoded by the human syncytial respiratory virus (hRSV).
FAQs
The central effect is steric interference: a Morpholino oligomer occupies its complementary RNA sequence and physically obstructs a molecular event. When the target is messenger RNA, this obstruction can reduce translation. When the target is pre-mRNA, binding near splice-site recognition regions can alter how the transcript is processed. This mechanism produces gene-expression changes without requiring RNase H cleavage.
Morpholino oligomers act by blocking access to RNA rather than by recruiting RNase H to cleave the targeted strand. This distinction changes the expected outcome: translation can be reduced through physical obstruction, while splice-site binding can redirect pre-mRNA processing. Consequently, experiments should evaluate altered expression or splicing, not assume that the target RNA is enzymatically destroyed.
Sequence complementarity determines which messenger RNA or pre-mRNA region is targeted, while the morpholine-ring backbone and phosphorodiamidate linkages contribute chemical stability. Results also depend on whether the oligomer reaches the relevant cells or tissues. Because delivery-related toxicity and sequence-independent effects can mimic gene-specific phenotypes, interpretation requires careful controls rather than relying on an observed phenotype alone.
A typical study selects a sequence intended to recognize a candidate messenger RNA or pre-mRNA region, introduces the oligomer into the relevant biological system, and then examines the resulting change in gene expression or splice-site use. Researchers compare treated samples with appropriate controls and interpret the phenotype alongside molecular outcomes. Complementary methods can help test whether the effect is specifically attributable to the targeted sequence.
Their transient gene knockdown makes Morpholino oligomers useful when researchers want to examine how reducing a candidate gene affects development in a model organism. Splice-modulation experiments can provide a related way to test the importance of transcript processing. These applications connect a targeted molecular intervention with developmental phenotypes, helping investigators evaluate gene function without treating the result as permanent genetic alteration.
A phenotype should be evaluated together with evidence that the intended gene-expression or splicing change occurred. Careful controls are important because sequence-independent effects and delivery-related toxicity may produce misleading outcomes. Complementary methods provide an additional test of gene function, strengthening conclusions when the observed biological effect agrees with the targeted molecular change rather than appearing only after oligomer delivery.