Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cell Cytotoxicity Assay - Related Videos
11:48
Assay for Cell Death: Chromium Release Assay of Cytotoxic Ability
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2023
Source: Frances V. Sjaastad1,2, Whitney Swanson2,3, and Thomas S. Griffith1,2,3,4 1 Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 2 Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 3 Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 4 Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 One of the main functions of the cells of the immune system is to remove target cells...
02:55
An In Vitro Assay for Evaluating Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity against Cancer Cells
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2025
This video demonstrates performing a lactate dehydrogenase release assay to determine the cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells against the target cancer cells. The assay quantifies the release of the cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase enzyme from cancer cells by measuring the absorbance of the red-colored product formed.
09:28
Quantitative High-throughput Single-cell Cytotoxicity Assay For T Cells
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Cited by 25 •
2013
We describe a single-cell high-throughput assay to measure cytotoxicity of T cells when incubated with tumor target cells. This method employs a dense, elastomeric array of sub-nanoliter wells (~100,000 wells/array) to spatially confine the T cells and target cells at defined ratios and is coupled to fluorescence microscopy to monitor effector-target conjugation and subsequent apoptosis.
05:27
An In Vitro Assay to Study the Cytotoxic Capability of Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells
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2025
This video demonstrates an in vitro technique to measure the cytotoxic ability of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells against cancer cells. Upon co-culturing target cancer cells with CIK cells, the dead cancer cells are identified using a fluorescent viability dye and are quantified using flow cytometry, estimating the cytotoxic effect of CIK cells.
03:13
An In Vitro Assay to Assess CAR T Cell Cytotoxicity against Tumor Spheroids
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2025
This video demonstrates an in vitro assay evaluating the cytotoxic effects of CAR T cells on 3D tumor spheroids expressing fluorescent proteins. This assessment utilizes the Annexin V red fluorescent probe, which binds to exposed phosphatidylserine residues on the outer leaflet of apoptotic cancer cells after interactions with CAR T cells. The red fluorescence emitted by the probe aids in distinguishing these cells from healthy ones emitting green fluorescence.
FAQs
The assay translates treatment-induced cell injury into a measurable biological signal. Depending on the endpoint selected, the readout reflects metabolic activity, membrane integrity, or proliferation. These signals provide different windows onto cellular condition, so interpreting results requires linking the measured change to the specific survival-related process being monitored. This makes endpoint selection important when comparing chemical effects.
Each measurement captures a different aspect of cell survival. Metabolic activity indicates changes in cellular function, membrane integrity reflects damage to the cell boundary, and proliferation shows whether treated cells continue expanding. Selecting among these endpoints helps align the assay with the biological effect being investigated and prevents researchers from treating all survival-related signals as interchangeable.
Testing defined concentrations connects the treatment level with the observed cellular response. Comparing results across concentrations supports dose-response analysis, which helps identify concentrations associated with harmful effects rather than producing only a single toxicity observation. In chemistry, this relationship is useful for ranking compounds and distinguishing substances that affect cells at different concentration ranges.
A typical workflow exposes cultured cells to selected concentrations of a chemical, drug, or other treatment, then measures a signal associated with cell survival. The signal may represent metabolic activity, membrane integrity, or proliferation. Researchers compare the resulting responses across treatment concentrations to evaluate cellular effects and identify concentrations that produce measurable damage or loss of viability.
Results provide a basis for comparing how strongly different compounds affect cultured cells under defined testing conditions. Researchers can use the measured survival-related signals and dose-response patterns to rank compounds by harmful concentration ranges. This helps prioritize candidates for further development, while identifying substances whose cellular effects warrant additional evaluation.
In chemistry, cytotoxicity measurements support pharmaceutical, environmental, and materials research. They help evaluate biological activity, compare chemical structures through structure-activity studies, and identify potentially harmful concentrations. By connecting compound identity and concentration with cellular response, the assay contributes to decisions about which candidates should advance and which require caution or further investigation.