Hrs-ckd
Hrs-ckd - Related Videos
08:50
5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
0 Views •
Cited by 30 •
2013
A two-stage method to establish chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the Lewis rat by surgically removing 5/6th of renal mass is described. Combination of the surgical procedure, NOS-inhibition and a high-salt diet leads to a model resembling human CKD, allowing study of causal mechanisms and development of novel therapeutic interventions.
10:51
Protocols for Assessing Radiofrequency Interactions with Gold Nanoparticles and Biological Systems for Non-invasive Hyperthermia Cancer Therapy
0 Views •
Cited by 11 •
2013
We describe the protocols used to investigate the interactions of 13.56 MHz radiofrequency (RF) electric-fields with gold nanoparticle colloids in both non-biological and biological systems (in vitro/vivo). These interactions are being investigated for applications in cancer therapy.
08:34
Thinking Too Much Impairs Decision-Making
0 Views •
2023
Source: Peter Mende-Siedlecki & Jay Van Bavel—New York University When we are considering a tough choice between two or more attractive options, we often end up actively weighing the pros and cons of each alternative. By reflecting on their advantages and disadvantages, we attempt to fit a complex, subjective decision into an orderly set of criteria. However, research in psychology suggests that this sort of introspective approach might not always yield the most optimal outcomes.1 In other...
08:44
Invertebrate Lifespan Quantification
0 Views •
2023
Many animals naturally stop growing upon reaching adulthood, after which they undergo aging or "senescence" until dying. The amount of time between an organism\'s birth and death is called its lifespan, which can be influenced by various biological and environmental factors. By exposing organisms to different growth conditions, scientists can better understand the factors affecting lifespan. Flies and worms are ideal organisms to perform such experiments, given their short generation time and...
11:55
Physiological Correlates of Emotion Recognition
0 Views •
2023
Source: Laboratories of Jonas T. Kaplan and Sarah I. Gimbel—University of Southern California The autonomic nervous system (ANS) controls the activity of the body's internal organs and regulates changes in their activity depending on the current environment. The vagus nerve, which innervates many of the internal organs, is an important part of the system. When our brain senses danger, vagal tone is inhibited, leading to a set of changes in the body designed to make us more prepared to fight or...
FAQs
Portal hypertension and systemic vasodilation lower the effective arterial blood volume, even when total body fluid is not necessarily reduced. The body responds by activating neurohormonal pathways that constrict renal blood vessels. This renal vasoconstriction decreases glomerular filtration, helping explain how advanced liver disease can produce persistent kidney dysfunction through altered circulation.
The distinction identifies whether kidney dysfunction is primarily linked to the circulatory consequences of advanced liver disease or to intrinsic damage within the kidneys. That difference affects prognosis, treatment planning, and transplant assessment. Recognizing the functional pattern also helps clinicians interpret persistent renal impairment without automatically classifying it as primary kidney disease.
Persistence of kidney injury for more than 90 days establishes a chronic clinical course rather than a transient change in renal function. This duration matters because ongoing dysfunction can influence prognosis and treatment decisions. It also supports consideration of longer-term strategies, including evaluation for liver transplantation or combined liver-kidney transplantation when clinically appropriate.
Neurohormonal activation is a compensatory response to reduced effective arterial blood volume caused by systemic vasodilation. In the kidneys, this response promotes renal blood-vessel constriction and lowers glomerular filtration. When the hemodynamic disturbance persists in advanced liver disease, the same mechanism can sustain kidney dysfunction and contribute to its chronic course.
Clinical evaluation focuses on the relationship between advanced liver disease and persistent kidney dysfunction. Clinicians consider the circulatory effects of portal hypertension and systemic vasodilation, determine whether renal impairment continues beyond 90 days, and distinguish functional renal failure from intrinsic kidney disease. These considerations support prognosis, treatment selection, and transplant planning.
Vasoconstrictor and supportive treatments are considered when persistent kidney dysfunction reflects the hemodynamic disturbance associated with advanced liver disease. Their use is guided by the reduced effective arterial blood volume, renal vasoconstriction, and lowered filtration that characterize the condition. Treatment planning also incorporates prognosis and whether liver or combined liver-kidney transplantation should be evaluated.