Genome Fingerprinting
Genome Fingerprinting - Related Videos
08:31
Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'
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Cited by 2 •
2013
Single Virus Genomics (SVG) is a method to isolate and amplify the genomes of single virons. Viral suspensions of a mixed assemblage are sorted using flow cytometry onto a microscope slide with discrete wells containing agarose, thereby capturing the virion and reducing genome shearing during downstream processing. Whole genome amplification is achieved using multiple displacement amplification (MDA) resulting in genomic material that is suitable for sequencing.
01:03
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region
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2024
IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1. The...
12:02
Automated Modular High Throughput Exopolysaccharide Screening Platform Coupled with Highly Sensitive Carbohydrate Fingerprint Analysis
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Cited by 18 •
2016
We present an automated modular high-throughput-method for the identification and characterization of microbial exopolysaccharides in small scale. This method combines a fast preselection to analyze the total amount of secreted polysaccharides with a detailed carbohydrate fingerprint to enable the fast screening of newly isolated bacterial strains or entire strain collections.
09:39
DNA Fingerprinting of Mycobacterium leprae Strains Using Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) - Fragment Length Analysis (FLA)
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Cited by 9 •
2011
Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, is still endemic in many places. In order to learn about the spread and mode of transmission of leprosy, it is important to determine which strain of M. leprae has infected a patient. Variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTR) typing is one such method.
08:31
Genome Editing
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2023
A well-established technique for modifying specific sequences in the genome is gene targeting by homologous recombination, but this method can be laborious and only works in certain organisms. Recent advances have led to the development of “genome editing”, which works by inducing double-strand breaks in DNA using engineered nuclease enzymes guided to target genomic sites by either proteins or RNAs that recognize specific sequences. When a cell attempts to repair this damage, mutations can be...
FAQs
Genome fingerprinting can target DNA variation either by cutting genomic DNA with restriction enzymes or by amplifying selected regions with PCR. Restriction digestion and PCR therefore emphasize different genomic targets. These alternatives change which variation appears in the final gel pattern, influencing how samples or organisms are compared.
Variable genomic regions supply the differences needed to distinguish or compare biological samples. If the targeted regions did not vary, their resulting profiles would offer little basis for recognizing genetic relationships, separating individuals or strains, or examining diversity. Selecting informative variation therefore connects the molecular pattern to the biological question.
Gel electrophoresis converts the DNA products into a readable profile by separating the fragments generated during restriction digestion or PCR. The resulting arrangement of bands forms the characteristic pattern used for comparison. Because different targeting strategies can lead to this endpoint, the profile reflects both the DNA variation and the method used to reveal it.
A typical workflow starts with a biological sample, targets variable genomic regions, and uses either restriction enzyme digestion or PCR amplification. The resulting DNA fragments are then separated by gel electrophoresis, producing a profile for comparison. Keeping these stages distinct helps researchers connect the observed pattern to the sample, targeted regions, and analytical approach.
In forensic analysis, genome fingerprinting provides profiles for distinguishing biological samples, while parentage studies use profile comparisons to examine genetic relationships. The same general principle serves different questions: forensic work focuses on distinguishing samples or individuals, whereas parentage work focuses on relatedness. In each case, the value comes from comparing patterns produced from variable genomic regions.
Genome fingerprinting also extends beyond individual identification. Conservation genetics uses profile variation to assess diversity within biological populations, while microbial tracking uses comparisons among strains. The technique can also help verify biological materials. These applications show how the same pattern-based analysis can address population-level variation, strain-level comparisons, and material verification in biology.