A promising, non-invasive method of delivering pharmaceutically active ingredients for the treatment of both systemic and local disorders is through the respiratory system. This is due to the unique characteristics of the lung, including its low enzymatic activity, avoidance of first-pass metabolism, large surface area, and high permeability. Due to its advantages over conventional inhalation devices, dry powder inhalers (DPIs) have attracted much attention in recent years. This Methods Collection will highlight recent advancements and methods in various characterization techniques of inhalable dry powder formulations, including but not limited to drug distribution within inhaled particles, particle deposition, drug dissolution, transepithelial drug transport, drug uptake, and distributions within targeted cells, with a particular focus on studying antibiotic and anticancer agents. The goal is to provide video-based protocols and promote best practices in cutting-edge in silico, in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo methodologies to deepen our understanding of the aerodynamic and pharmacokinetic behavior of inhalable dry powder formulations.