Arteriovenous Anastomosis
Arteriovenous Anastomosis - Related Videos
10:10
A Novel Murine Model of Arteriovenous Fistula Failure: The Surgical Procedure in Detail
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Cited by 24 •
2016
Here we present a murine model of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure in which a clinically relevant anastomotic configuration is incorporated. This model can be used to study the pathophysiology and to test possible therapeutic interventions.
08:53
The Arteriovenous (AV) Loop in a Small Animal Model to Study Angiogenesis and Vascularized Tissue Engineering
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Cited by 38 •
2016
We describe a microsurgical approach for the generation of an arteriovenous (AV) loop as a model for analyzing vascularization in vivo in an isolated and well-characterized environment. This model is not only useful for the investigation of angiogenesis, but is also optimally suited for engineering axially vascularized and transplantable tissues.
07:25
Open Surgical Resection of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
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2025
Source: Rennert, R. C., et al. Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations. J. Vis. Exp. (2017).This video demonstrates the open surgical resection of a cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in a human brain. The procedure involves creating a bone flap, accessing the subarachnoid space, identifying and occluding feeding arteries and draining veins, and carefully removing the AVM. Intraoperative angiography confirms complete resection,...
14:58
Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
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Cited by 4 •
2017
Surgery is the gold standard for accessible arteriovenious malformations (AVMs), and pre-operative embolization can simplify this procedure. We describe our approach for staged endovascular embolization and open resection of AVMs, and provide a representative clinical example highlighting the advantages of a comprehensively trained neurovascular surgeon leading a multi-disciplinary clinical team.
05:53
Intraluminal Drug Delivery to the Mouse Arteriovenous Fistula Endothelium
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Cited by 5 •
2016
After puncturing the aorta through the inferior vena cava (IVC) to create an aorto-caval fistula in the mouse, solution containing a drug is infused into the IVC via the same needle, followed by incubation. This method enables more robust drug delivery to the venous endothelium compared to the external route.
FAQs
Contraction narrows the shunt, whereas relaxation opens it, so the vessel changes how readily blood moves through that pathway. Because this adjustment alters vascular resistance, it can redirect perfusion toward or away from the capillary beds served by nearby circulation. The key control variable is therefore smooth-muscle state, which links vessel diameter to tissue blood-flow distribution.
Sympathetic nervous control provides a mechanism for coordinating these local vascular changes with whole-body physiological demands. By influencing smooth-muscle contraction or relaxation, sympathetic activity can change the amount of blood passing through the shunt. This matters because the resulting shift in resistance affects tissue perfusion rather than merely changing the vessel’s structure.
When the shunt is open, blood can be directed through a lower-resistance route that avoids the intervening capillary bed; when it closes, that shortcut is reduced. This makes the anastomosis a regulator of distribution, not simply a passive connection. In biological analysis, its state helps explain why tissue perfusion can change as vascular resistance is adjusted.
These vessels are especially significant in the skin because skin blood flow influences heat exchange between the body and its surroundings. Opening or closing the shunts changes how much blood is routed through cutaneous vessels, allowing circulation to participate in thermoregulation. Their activity therefore connects vascular resistance with the body’s ability to adjust heat transfer under changing conditions.
In a biology study, changes in the opening or closing of an anastomosis can be interpreted alongside changes in vascular resistance and tissue perfusion. This relationship helps investigators connect vessel behavior with circulation-wide regulation. In skin-focused work, the same observations can also clarify how blood-flow redistribution contributes to heat exchange, making the structure relevant to both vascular and thermoregulatory research.
Arteriovenous anastomoses provide a model for examining how the circulatory system responds to changing physiological conditions. Their smooth muscle can alter vascular resistance, while sympathetic control links that response to broader regulation of blood distribution. Because the same mechanism affects tissue perfusion and skin heat exchange, it offers a focused way to study coordination between circulation and thermoregulation.