B Cells T Cells
B Cells T Cells - Related Videos
05:14
Studying Interactions between Myeloid Cells and CAR T Cells In Vitro and In Vivo
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2025
Given the limited xenograft models available to study interactions between human CART and myeloid cells, we established in vitro and in vivo models to understand the impacts of human macrophages on CART cells. Findings can potentially be generalized to evaluate macrophage roles in the tumor microenvironment and test macrophage-targeted immunotherapies.
10:04
Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells
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2025
This protocol describes the in vivo reprogramming of mouse cancer cells into type 1 dendritic-like cells within the tumor microenvironment through enforced expression of the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3.
11:26
Single-cell RNA-Seq of Defined Subsets of Retinal Ganglion Cells
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Cited by 8 •
2017
Here, we present a combinatorial approach for classifying neuronal cell types prior to isolation and for the subsequent characterization of single-cell transcriptomes. This protocol optimizes the preparation of samples for successful RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) and describes a methodology designed specifically for the enhanced understanding of cellular diversity.
22:06
Derivation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Murine Embryonic Stem Cells
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Cited by 8 •
2007
This protocol details the derivation of transplantable hematopoietic stem cells from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC) and their subsequent injection into lethally irradiated recipient mice. Briefly, ESC are differentiated as embryoid bodies, which are then infected with retroviral HoxB4 and co-cultured with OP9 stromal cells and hematopoietic cytokines.
08:04
In Vitro Tumor Cell Rechallenge For Predictive Evaluation of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Antitumor Function
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Cited by 23 •
2019
Here, we describe an in vitro co-culture method to recursively challenge tumor-targeted T cells, which allows for phenotypic and functional analysis of antitumor T cell activity.
FAQs
B cells and T cells use different recognition arrangements within adaptive immunity. B cells can respond to specific foreign molecules and produce antibody-secreting plasma cells, whereas T cells respond to peptide fragments displayed by major histocompatibility complex molecules. This distinction helps explain why the two lymphocyte populations contribute different, but complementary, forms of targeted defense.
Helper T cells regulate immune activity, helping coordinate the broader response, while cytotoxic T cells destroy infected or abnormal cells. Their functions show that T-cell responses are not limited to recognizing antigenic information. Some T cells organize immune activity, whereas others directly remove compromised cells, creating specialized layers within adaptive defense.
Immune memory allows the adaptive immune system to respond more rapidly when it encounters a familiar pathogen again. B-cell and T-cell activities contribute to this longer-term protection through their complementary functions. This principle is important because an initial immune response can establish a biological basis for faster, more targeted defense during later exposure.
Knowledge of these lymphocytes helps researchers consider how vaccination can generate targeted defenses and durable immune memory. Because B cells and T cells contribute through different mechanisms, vaccine research can examine both antibody-related protection and cellular immune responses. The resulting context supports the development of approaches intended to improve responses to familiar pathogens.
Their central roles in adaptive immunity make these cells important subjects in both immunodeficiency and autoimmune disease studies. Research can use their complementary functions as a framework for examining problems involving immune defense or inappropriate immune activity. Studying these lymphocytes therefore connects cellular mechanisms with broader questions about how immune responses are maintained or disrupted.
B cells and T cells are relevant to cancer immunotherapy because T cells can destroy abnormal cells, while their broader immune functions help explain targeted immune activity. They also matter in transplantation medicine, where adaptive immune responses are an important scientific context. Together, these applications show how lymphocyte biology informs efforts to understand and direct immune responses.