Endocytic Transport
Endocytic Transport - Related Videos
08:02
Live-cell Imaging of Endocytic Transport using Functionalized Nanobodies in Cultured Cells
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Cited by 1 •
2025
Endocytic and retrograde transport of proteins from the plasma membrane to the trans-Golgi network is essential to maintaining membrane homeostasis and regulating signaling. Here, we describe a method to image and quantify endocytic transport of transmembrane cargo proteins by live-cell microscopy using derivatized anti-GFP nanobodies in HeLa cells.
11:32
Measuring Plasma Membrane Protein Endocytic Rates by Reversible Biotinylation
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Cited by 23 •
2009
Regulated endocytosis governs the cell surface expression levels of the majority of membrane proteins. Here we utilize reducible, membrane impermeant biotinylation reagents to measure the endocytic rate of the dopamine transporter (DAT), a polytopic membrane protein. The method facilitates a straightforward approach to measuring the endocytic rate of most plasma membrane proteins.
11:05
Analysis of Endocytic Uptake and Retrograde Transport to the Trans-Golgi Network Using Functionalized Nanobodies in Cultured Cells
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Cited by 9 •
2019
Retrograde transport of proteins from the cell surface to the Golgi is essential to maintain membrane homeostasis. Here, we describe a method to biochemically analyze cell surface-to-Golgi transport of recombinant proteins using functionalized nanobodies in HeLa cells.
01:32
Transport and Acclimatization of Rodents for Research
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2026
All animal procedures described here must be conducted in accordance with institutional animal ethics guidelines and approved by IACUC. All procedures must follow the principles of the 3Rs—Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement—and must be performed by trained personnel. Transporting rodents for research requires procedures that minimize stress and maintain animal welfare during movement to minimize the influence on experimental outcomes. Transport cages should provide adequate ventilation,...
02:22
Regulated mRNA Transport
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2020
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...
FAQs
Cargo selection helps determine how endocytic transport begins. Extracellular molecules may bind specific receptors, whereas other material can be captured nonspecifically. Receptor engagement can prompt plasma-membrane invagination and vesicle formation, including through clathrin-mediated pathways. This distinction links the identity of internalized material to its entry route and to later regulation of cell-surface components.
Early endosomes function as an important sorting stage after vesicle delivery. From this compartment, internalized cargo can be returned to the plasma membrane, sent to lysosomes for degradation, or moved to other intracellular destinations. These alternatives give the pathway a routing function rather than a one-way uptake role, helping balance surface availability, cargo removal, and intracellular distribution.
Membrane invagination and vesicle formation provide the physical transition from surface-associated cargo to an intracellular compartment. The plasma membrane bends inward and pinches off into a membrane-bound vesicle, after which delivery to early endosomes enables sorting. Distinguishing entry from later sorting is important because uptake alone does not reveal the cargo’s ultimate intracellular destination.
Internalization changes which receptors and membrane components remain at the cell surface. Subsequent recycling can restore selected components, while lysosomal delivery removes cargo through degradation. Because signaling depends partly on receptor availability, these trafficking decisions help regulate communication with the extracellular environment and maintain membrane composition. Disrupted routing can therefore alter signaling behavior and surface organization.
A basic analysis follows cargo from capture at the plasma membrane through invagination, vesicle formation, and delivery to early endosomes. The investigator then considers which sorting outcome fits the question: recycling, lysosomal degradation, or another intracellular destination. Organizing observations in this sequence separates uptake, transport, and final fate, making pathway behavior easier to interpret.
Studies of endocytic transport can examine how infectious material enters cells, how therapeutic cargo might be delivered internally, and how receptor regulation changes cell behavior. The same framework helps investigate diseases associated with disrupted membrane trafficking. These applications connect a basic membrane process with questions about host-pathogen interactions, intracellular delivery, and abnormal cellular regulation.