Functional Urology
Functional Urology - Related Videos
01:28
Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination
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2025
Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...
08:13
Using the Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane In Vivo Model to Study Gynecological and Urological Cancers
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Cited by 13 •
2020
We present the chicken chorioallantoic membrane model as an alternative, transplantable, in vivo model for the engraftment of gynecological and urological cancer cell lines and patient-derived tumors.
02:45
Functional Groups
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2020
Functional groups are a group of atoms with characteristic properties, which when linked to the carbon skeleton of a molecule, alter the properties of that molecule. For example, the presence of certain functional groups on a molecule will make them hydrophilic, whereas others will make them hydrophobic. These functional groups are an indispensable part of organic chemistry and important components of biological molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Each...
07:31
A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills
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Cited by 9 •
2020
This training protocol uses computerized training to teach technology-related everyday functional skills. These skills include financial skills, travel and transit, as well as medication management.
09:59
Functional Reconstitution and Channel Activity Measurements of Purified Wildtype and Mutant CFTR Protein
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Cited by 7 •
2015
Described here is a rapid and effective procedure for functional reconstitution of purified wild-type and mutant CFTR protein that preserves activity for this chloride channel, which is defective in Cystic Fibrosis. Iodide efflux from reconstituted proteoliposomes mediated by CFTR allows studies of channel activity and the effects of small molecules.
FAQs
Voiding depends on a coordinated shift in neural activity: signals promote contraction of bladder smooth muscle while sphincter resistance decreases. This timing allows pressure generated by the bladder to work with reduced outlet resistance rather than against it. Studying this sequence helps explain inefficient urination, retention, and other disruptions of normal elimination.
Urinary function depends on signaling across several levels of the nervous system, not on the bladder alone. The brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves help coordinate bladder activity with the urethral sphincters and pelvic floor. Disturbance anywhere along this pathway can contribute to neurogenic dysfunction, making neural control central to biological and clinical assessment.
Continence reflects the interaction between tissue mechanics and neural control. Bladder smooth muscle must accommodate urine during storage, while the urethral sphincters and pelvic floor provide resistance against leakage. Functional urology examines how these structures work together, because altered mechanical support or poorly timed muscle activity can contribute to incontinence or inefficient emptying.
Symptoms and physiological measurements help relate a patient’s difficulty to different phases of urinary function. Problems may appear during storage, as in overactive bladder or incontinence, or during elimination, as in retention. Interpreting these patterns alongside neural and muscular function helps clinicians identify whether impaired contraction, excessive resistance, or disrupted coordination is most relevant.
Urodynamic testing provides physiological information about urinary tract performance rather than relying only on reported symptoms. Used with symptom assessment and related measurements, it helps evaluate how storage, bladder contraction, sphincter resistance, and elimination are functioning. These findings can clarify the physiological basis of incontinence, retention, overactive bladder, or neurogenic dysfunction.
This framework is useful when urinary symptoms may reflect disrupted communication between neural pathways, bladder tissue, sphincters, and the pelvic floor. It supports evaluation of urinary incontinence, retention, overactive bladder, and neurogenic dysfunction. The resulting physiological interpretation can guide targeted treatment and improve understanding of how coordinated control maintains continence and effective urination.