In Situ Measurement
In Situ Measurement - Related Videos
07:03
In Situ Measurement of Vacuum Window Birefringence using 25Mg+ Fluorescence
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2020
Presented here is a method to measure the birefringence of vacuum windows by maximizing the fluorescence counts emitted by Doppler cooled 25Mg+ ions in an ion trap. The birefringence of vacuum windows will change the polarization states of the laser, which can be compensated by changing the azimuthal angles of external wave plates.
09:22
Quantitatively Measuring In situ Flows using a Self-Contained Underwater Velocimetry Apparatus (SCUVA)
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Cited by 5 •
2011
This protocol provides instructions on how to use a self-contained underwater velocimetry apparatus (SCUVA), which is designed for quantification of in situ animal-generated flows. In addition, this protocol addresses challenges posed by field conditions, and includes operator motion, predicting position of animals, and orientation of SCUVA.
08:00
Whole-Mount In Situ Hybridization
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2023
Whole-mount in situ hybridization (WMISH) is a common technique used for visualizing the location of expressed RNAs in embryos. In this process, synthetically produced RNA probes are first complementarily bound, or "hybridized," to the transcripts of target genes. Immunohistochemistry or fluorescence is then used to detect these RNA hybrids, revealing spatial and temporal patterns of gene expression. Unlike traditional in situ hybridization techniques, which require thin tissue sections whose...
19:05
Measuring TCR-pMHC Binding In Situ using a FRET-based Microscopy Assay
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Cited by 9 •
2015
This manuscript describes how to conduct (single molecule) Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)- based assays to measure the binding dynamics between T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) and antigenic peptide-loaded MHC molecules as they occur within the immunological synapse of a T-cell in contact with a functionalized planar supported lipid bilayer.
09:43
Optimized Setup and Protocol for Magnetic Domain Imaging with In Situ Hysteresis Measurement
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Cited by 3 •
2017
This paper elaborates the sample and sensor preparation procedures and the protocols for using the test rig particularly for dynamic domain imaging with in situ BH measurements in order to achieve optimal domain pattern quality and accurate BH measurements.
FAQs
Keeping cells, tissues, organisms, or environmental conditions intact preserves the local interactions that influence a biological property. Signals can therefore be interpreted alongside neighboring structures, associated cells, and surrounding conditions rather than as isolated values from a processed sample. This context helps reveal spatial organization and relationships that ex situ analysis may obscure.
These tools detect different types of biological signals at the site where they occur. Imaging systems can display spatial patterns, molecular probes identify selected signals, and electrodes or other sensors record measurable changes directly from the relevant location. Choosing among them depends on the property being assessed and whether spatial or time-dependent information is needed.
Repeated detection at the site of interest can show how a biological signal changes over time while the surrounding system remains in place. This temporal information complements spatial patterns, allowing researchers to examine dynamic activity rather than relying only on a single endpoint. Such measurements can clarify how cells, tissues, organisms, or communities respond as conditions change.
A study begins by identifying the biological property and its native location, then selecting an imaging system, molecular probe, electrode, or other sensor suited to detecting that signal. The researcher maintains the relevant cells, tissues, organisms, or environmental conditions, records the signal at the site, and interprets it with its spatial and temporal context preserved.
In situ measurement supports investigations across several biological scales. At the cellular and tissue levels, it can examine activity and function in place. In microbial communities and whole organisms, it can relate detected signals to surrounding conditions and interactions. This broad applicability makes the approach useful when biological behavior depends strongly on location or environment.
The approach can reveal where a signal occurs, how it changes, and how it relates to nearby biological components or environmental conditions. Ex situ analysis may lose some of these relationships when samples are removed or extensively processed. Consequently, in situ results can provide a more context-rich view of cellular activity, tissue function, community behavior, or organismal responses.