Intestinal Limb
Intestinal Limb - Related Videos
10:58
A Protocol for Lentiviral Transduction and Downstream Analysis of Intestinal Organoids
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Cited by 81 •
2015
In this video protocol we give a step by step explanation of lentiviral transduction in organoids of primary intestinal epithelium and of processing and downstream analysis of these cultures by quantitative RT-PCR, RNA-microarray and immunohistochemistry.
14:03
Orthotopic Hind-Limb Transplantation in Rats
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Cited by 21 •
2010
Here we describe the orthotopic rat hind-limb transplantation procedure, which seems to be the gold standard in vivo model for composite tissue allotransplantation research.
04:37
Intestinal Crypts Isolation: A Method to Isolate Whole Crypts from Small Intestine of Murine Model
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2023
In this video, we demonstrate a technique to isolate whole crypts from a mouse’s small intestine. The isolated whole crypts can be used to propagate long-lived and self-renewing 3D organoids in vitro.
07:15
Orthotopic Hind Limb Transplantation in the Mouse
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Cited by 24 •
2016
This novel model for orthotopic hind limb transplantation in the mouse, applying a non-suture cuff technique for super-microvascular anastomosis, provides a powerful tool for in vivo mechanistic immunological research related to vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA).
17:15
Catheterization of Intestinal Loops in Ruminants
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Cited by 4 •
2009
We describe a novel surgical method for catheterizing 'intestinal loops' within the ileum of sheep. Once animals have recovered from surgery and have cleared antibiotics and analgesics, multiple treatments can be deposited directly in loops via the catheters.
FAQs
The superior mesenteric artery provides the central axis around which the embryonic midgut loop rotates. This movement establishes the relative positions of structures derived from the cranial and caudal limbs. Consequently, developmental rotation is essential for producing the expected arrangement of the jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, and colon within the digestive tract.
The cranial limb contributes mainly to the jejunum and much of the ileum, whereas the caudal limb forms the distal ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, and part of the transverse colon. Comparing these derivatives helps connect embryonic regions with specific adult segments and clarifies why abnormalities may affect different portions of the gut.
Elongation creates the looped configuration needed for the two intestinal limbs to develop as distinct regions. Temporary herniation into the umbilical cord is part of this developmental sequence and occurs before the loop’s positional organization around the superior mesenteric artery. These coordinated changes help explain how the embryonic gut acquires its later anatomical pattern.
Normal rotation positions the developing intestinal segments in relation to the superior mesenteric artery. If this process is abnormal, the gut may occupy an atypical arrangement, a condition described as malrotation. Such altered positioning can help explain volvulus, in which the intestine becomes associated with abnormal developmental organization and may twist from its expected configuration.
Embryologists and students can map adult digestive regions back to their embryonic limb of origin. The cranial limb provides a framework for understanding the jejunum and much of the ileum, while the caudal limb accounts for structures extending from the distal ileum through portions of the colon. This developmental map makes anatomical relationships easier to organize.
A useful study sequence begins with elongation of the midgut loop, followed by its temporary herniation into the umbilical cord and rotation around the superior mesenteric artery. The next step is to identify which digestive regions arise from each limb. Applying this sequence links embryonic movements with normal intestinal positioning and recognized congenital abnormalities.