Organoid Medium
Organoid Medium - Related Videos
05:11
Organoid Electroporation: A Method to Transfect Plasmid DNA into Gastrointestinal Organoids
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2023
This video describes the electroporation protocol for transfecting large plasmids into three-dimensional gastrointestinal organoids to prove its universal functionality in different entities, namely pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), colorectal cancer (CRC), cholangiocarcinoma (CCC), and gastric cancer (GC) organoids.
03:41
CRC Organoid Culture: A Method to Obtain 3D Organoids from Colorectal Cancer Cells
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2023
This video describes the detailed protocol for generating 3D organoids from murine-model derived colorectal cancer cells by propagating them on artificial extracellular matrix coated plates. These CRC organoids can be used as a model to study the primary growth of human tumor cells and metastasis.
10:30
Organoids as Model for Infectious Diseases: Culture of Human and Murine Stomach Organoids and Microinjection of Helicobacter Pylori
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Cited by 144 •
2015
Stem cell derived cultures harbor tremendous potential to model infectious diseases. Here, the culture of mouse and human gastric organoids derived from adult stem cells is described. The organoids are microinjected with the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori.
04:15
Bladder Tumor Organoid Model: A Method for Orthotopic Transplantation of Bladder Organoids into Recipient Murine Bladder
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2023
In this video, we describe the orthotopic transplantation of cultured bladder tumor organoids into the murine bladder to study the role of the organ environment on developing tumors.
07:04
Forskolin-induced Swelling in Intestinal Organoids: An In Vitro Assay for Assessing Drug Response in Cystic Fibrosis Patients
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Cited by 121 •
2017
This protocol describes an assay for measuring CFTR function and CFTR modulator responses in cultured tissue from subjects with cystic fibrosis (CF). Biopsy-derived intestinal organoids swell in a cAMP-driven fashion, a response that is defective (or strongly reduced) in CF organoids and can be restored by exposure to CFTR modulators.
FAQs
Growth factors and signaling modulators provide external cues that influence stem or progenitor cell behavior. Wnt, BMP, Notch, and FGF pathway regulators can support proliferation, promote differentiation, or help preserve a desired cellular state. Their combined activity matters because organoid growth depends not only on nutrient availability, but also on coordinated signals that guide tissue organization and function.
Different tissues require different balances of proliferative and differentiative signals. Adjusting nutrients, growth factors, and pathway modulators helps create conditions suited to the tissue of interest rather than applying one universal formulation. This tissue-specific tuning can influence whether cells expand, maintain an immature state, or develop characteristics needed for biologically relevant organoid models.
Changing pathway regulators can shift the balance between expansion and maturation. Signals associated with Wnt, BMP, Notch, or FGF may be adjusted to maintain organoids, encourage differentiation, or model disease-related changes. Consequently, medium composition becomes an experimental variable that can affect the resulting tissue structure and function, not merely a source of cellular nutrients.
Researchers select or adjust the formulation according to the culture objective, then maintain the organoid cells under controlled conditions. A formulation may first support expansion, later be modified to encourage maturation, or be adapted to investigate disease-related changes. Comparing outcomes after these composition changes helps connect specific signaling environments with organoid development and behavior.
These cultures can support questions in developmental biology by providing an in vitro setting for examining tissue organization and function. They also enable disease modeling, where altered medium conditions may help represent disease-related changes. Because researchers can control the surrounding signals, organoids offer a way to study how cellular development responds to defined experimental environments.
Organoid Medium helps sustain or guide organoid states that are relevant to testing interventions. In drug screening, the resulting models can provide a controlled biological context for examining responses to candidate treatments. In personalized medicine, organoid cultures can be used as patient-relevant experimental systems, while medium composition helps maintain or direct the characteristics needed for such investigations.
Controlled composition makes the signaling environment an identifiable part of the experiment. Since nutrients and pathway regulators can influence proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and tissue organization, changes in organoid structure or function may reflect the conditions provided by the medium. Careful formulation therefore supports clearer interpretation of developmental, disease-related, or treatment-associated outcomes.