Transcytosis Pathway
Transcytosis Pathway - Related Videos
02:28
Assessing Transcytosis of E. coli Across Intestinal Epithelial Monolayers
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2025
Source: Islam, A., et al., Assessment of Intestinal Transcytosis of Neonatal Escherichia coli Bacteremia Isolates. J. Vis. Exp. (2023)This video demonstrates the procedure for assessing transcytosis of neonatal Escherichia coli across intestinal epithelial monolayers using transwell inserts, electrical resistance measurement, and bacterial quantification.
01:15
Transcytosis of IgG
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2023
Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis. IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
00:58
Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis
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2023
The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway. Molecules internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis are either degraded in the lysosomes or are recycled to the plasma membrane through the fast- or slow-recycling route. The recycling endosome is not a single organelle but an extensively tubulated network of recycling pathways. It functions in storing molecules or transporting them across...
01:18
Vesicular Trasport: Endocytosis, Transcytosis and Exocytosis
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2024
Vesicular transport is a cellular process that encompasses the engulfment of particles or dissolved substances by cells. It involves endocytosis, transcytosis, and exocytosis. Endocytosis is a cellular mechanism that involves the inward folding of the cell membrane to create vesicles that capture and transport large drug molecules. This process comprises two distinct methods: pinocytosis (often referred to as "cell drinking") and phagocytosis (often referred to as "cell eating"). Pinocytosis is...
01:27
C4 Pathway and CAM
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2019
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy. C4 Pathway The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
FAQs
Cell polarity determines which membrane acts as the entry surface and which serves as the exit surface. Because the two sides face different extracellular environments, vesicle trafficking must preserve cargo direction while it moves through the cell. This organization allows epithelial and endothelial barriers to regulate exchange rather than permitting unrestricted movement between compartments.
Receptors can provide selective recognition that distinguishes particular proteins or macromolecules from other material at the cell surface. After binding, receptor-associated cargo can enter the vesicle system and be guided through the cell toward the opposite membrane. This selectivity makes the pathway relevant when transport must favor defined cargo rather than general extracellular contents.
Intracellular sorting helps determine how internalized cargo proceeds after endocytosis. Rather than treating uptake as the entire transport event, analysis must consider the vesicles that carry material through the cell and the routing that ultimately enables release at the opposite surface. Sorting therefore links initial capture with successful delivery across a polarized barrier.
A pathway analysis should distinguish surface uptake, intracellular vesicle trafficking, and release from the opposite membrane. Researchers can also assess whether receptors are involved in cargo selection and whether the cell is epithelial or endothelial. Separating these stages helps identify where transport is regulated and clarifies how cargo crosses a cellular barrier.
Its importance is especially apparent in epithelial and endothelial barriers, where cells separate distinct extracellular environments. Examples include the intestinal lining and the blood-brain barrier. In these settings, transcytosis supports controlled exchange across the cellular layer, helping explain how selected material can move through a barrier without treating the barrier as freely permeable.
Transcytosis contributes to immune surveillance by helping material cross cellular barriers in regulated ways. The same transport principles inform research on targeted drug delivery, where investigators seek to move selected cargo across epithelial or endothelial layers. Studying receptor guidance and barrier permeability can therefore connect basic cell biology with strategies for controlling macromolecule transport.