Virus Detection
Virus Detection - Related Videos
10:05
High-throughput Detection Method for Influenza Virus
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Cited by 8 •
2012
This method describes the use of Infrared dye based imaging system for detection of H1N1 in bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of infected mice at a high sensitivity. This methodology can be performed in a 96- or 384-well plate, requires <10 μl volume of test material and has the potential for concurrent screening of multiple pathogens.
03:33
Fluorescence-Based Detection and Purification of Recombinant Vaccinia Virus
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2026
Source: Yuan, M., et al. A Simple and Efficient Approach to Construct Mutant Vaccinia Virus Vectors. J. Vis. Exp. (2016)This video demonstrates the process of performing a fluorescent plaque assay using recombinant vaccinia virus encoding red fluorescent protein (RFP) in fibroblast cells, followed by plaque isolation and purification for further analysis.
02:38
Anion Exchange Resin–Based Detection of Viruses from Bioaerosols
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2026
Source: Schaeffer, J. W., Chandler, et al. Detection of Viruses from Bioaerosols Using Anion Exchange Resin. J. Vis. Exp. (2018).This video demonstrates the detection of viruses from bioaerosols using an anion exchange resin. A liquid impinger containing the resin is used to capture viruses from the air. The resin is collected and treated with a virus lysis buffer containing carrier RNA. The lysate is transferred to a microcentrifuge tube for viral RNA isolation, followed by qRT-PCR to amplify...
13:22
Detection of the Genome and Transcripts of a Persistent DNA Virus in Neuronal Tissues by Fluorescent In situ Hybridization Combined with Immunostaining
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Cited by 11 •
2014
We established a fluorescent in situ hybridization protocol for the detection of a persistent DNA virus genome within tissue sections of animal models. This protocol enables studying infection process by codetection of the viral genome, its RNA products, and viral or cellular proteins within single cells.
07:23
Detecting Virus and Salivary Proteins of a Leafhopper Vector in the Plant Host
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Cited by 1 •
2021
This protocol demonstrates how to use the plant host to detect salivary proteins of leafhopper and plant viral proteins released by leafhopper vectors.
FAQs
Nucleic acid amplification increases the detectable amount of viral genetic material in a biological sample, with polymerase chain reaction serving as a named example. This mechanism can provide evidence even when the relevant material is not readily observable without amplification. Its value depends on selecting a suitable sample and interpreting the result in relation to the infection stage.
Immunoassays can use antigen-antibody binding to detect viral proteins, whereas serological testing measures virus-specific antibodies produced by the host. These approaches therefore examine different evidence associated with infection. Distinguishing them helps investigators select an assay that matches the biological question, such as identifying viral components or assessing the host immune response.
Assay selection depends on the virus being investigated, the biological sample available, the stage of infection, and the sensitivity required. These variables influence whether genetic material, viral proteins, or host antibodies provide the most informative target. Considering them together reduces the risk of choosing a method poorly matched to the experimental or diagnostic context.
Different assays examine different forms of evidence, including viral genetic material, proteins, and host immune responses. Combining complementary methods can therefore provide a broader basis for interpreting a sample than relying on one signal alone. This strategy may also clarify transmission patterns, particularly when results must be connected with infection stage or pathogen characterization.
A general workflow begins by matching the sample and investigation stage to a suitable assay target. The selected method then examines genetic material, viral proteins, or virus-specific host antibodies, followed by interpretation of the resulting evidence. When the biological question is complex, complementary assays can be applied to strengthen confidence and support a clearer conclusion.
In diagnosis, detection results provide evidence relevant to determining whether infection is present. During outbreak surveillance, comparable laboratory findings can support the investigation of transmission patterns and help characterize the pathogen involved. The choice of assay remains important in both settings because the virus, sample type, infection stage, and required sensitivity affect the information obtained.
Detection approaches can be used to evaluate vaccines or antiviral treatments by examining evidence associated with the virus or the host response. Measurements of viral genetic material or proteins can address pathogen-related findings, while virus-specific antibodies can provide information about immune responses. Using an assay suited to the study question helps researchers interpret treatment or vaccine-related outcomes.