Cancer Screening
Cancer Screening - Related Videos
06:19
Screening Ion Channels in Cancer Cells
0 Views •
Cited by 1 •
2023
The pharmacological targeting of ion channels is a promising approach to treating solid tumors. Detailed protocols are provided for characterizing ion channel function in cancer cells and assaying the effects of ion channel modulators on cancer viability.
03:23
Cell Death Screening Using DAPI Staining: A Method for Rapid Screening of IR Induced Clonogenic Cell Death in Cancerous Cell Lines
0 Views •
2023
This video demonstrates the methodology to screen for major cell death profiles in ionizing radiation (IR) induced cancer cell lines using DAPI staining assay. The DAPI-stained nuclei of target cells undergoing cell death exhibit distinct morphologies and can be easily identified by fluorescence microscopy.
10:13
A Multiplexed Luciferase-based Screening Platform for Interrogating Cancer-associated Signal Transduction in Cultured Cells
0 Views •
Cited by 6 •
2013
Achieving a systems level understanding of cellular processes is a goal of modern-day cell biology. We describe here strategies for multiplexing luciferase reporters of various cellular function end-points to interrogate gene function using genome-scale RNAi libraries.
08:50
Genetic Screens
0 Views •
2023
Genetic screens are critical tools for defining gene function and understanding gene interactions. Screens typically involve mutating genes and then assessing the affected organisms for phenotypes of interest. The process can be “forward”, where mutations are generated randomly to identify unknown genes responsible for the phenotypes, or it can be “reverse”, where specific genes are targeted for mutation to observe what phenotypes are produced.Here, JoVE reviews various types of genetic...
07:48
Utilizing Functional Genomics Screening to Identify Potentially Novel Drug Targets in Cancer Cell Spheroid Cultures
0 Views •
Cited by 20 •
2016
Identifying novel drug targets that transition from pre-clinical testing to human trials is a scientific priority. To that end, here we describe a functional genomics approach for examining the impact of gene depletion on cancer cell line spheroids, which more appropriately model human cancers in vivo.
FAQs
Screening tests identify signals associated with cancer or precancerous change, but they do not by themselves confirm disease. A positive result therefore initiates a diagnostic pathway that may include repeat testing, imaging, biopsy, or specialist evaluation. This distinction prevents clinicians from treating an initial abnormal finding as a diagnosis and helps determine whether the signal reflects clinically important disease.
The tests target different biological or structural signals. Mammography and low-dose CT evaluate tissue or imaging abnormalities, cervical HPV or Pap testing examines viral markers or cellular changes, and stool-based colorectal tests detect disease-related signals in stool. Because each method measures a different signal, its clinical use and follow-up process depend on the cancer or precancerous change being assessed.
Screening can identify abnormalities that do not represent cancer, producing false-positive results and potentially leading to unnecessary procedures. It can also detect cancers or precancerous changes that might not have caused clinical problems, a concern known as overdiagnosis. Evidence-based programs weigh these harms against the potential to reduce late-stage disease and cancer mortality before recommending screening.
The overview identifies low-dose CT as an option for selected high-risk individuals rather than a universal test. This reflects the need to match screening to a person’s likelihood of clinically important disease while considering possible harms from abnormal findings and subsequent procedures. In clinical practice, selection is therefore part of balancing expected benefit against screening-related risk.
An abnormal result leads to follow-up rather than an immediate cancer diagnosis. Depending on the finding, clinicians may arrange repeat testing, additional imaging, biopsy, or specialist evaluation to clarify its significance. This step converts a screening signal into a more definitive clinical assessment and helps distinguish cancer or precancerous change from findings that do not require the same intervention.
Clinical screening may draw on mammography, cervical HPV or Pap testing, stool-based colorectal tests, colonoscopy, and low-dose CT for selected high-risk individuals. Together, these approaches illustrate how screening can assess imaging findings, cellular changes, viral markers, tissue abnormalities, or other disease signals. Their use supports earlier identification while requiring follow-up and evaluation of potential harms.