Checkerboard Array Method
Checkerboard Array Method - Related Videos
11:15
Quadruple-Checkerboard: A Modification of the Three-Dimensional Checkerboard for Studying Drug Combinations
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Cited by 3 •
2021
This protocol describes how to study all possible combinations that can be obtained between four drugs in one single experiment. This method is based on the standard 96-well plate micro dilution assay and the calculation of fractional inhibitory concentrations (FICs) to evaluate the results.
12:03
Antimicrobial Synergy Testing by the Inkjet Printer-assisted Automated Checkerboard Array and the Manual Time-kill Method
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Cited by 42 •
2019
Antimicrobial synergy testing is used to evaluate the effect of two or more antibiotics used in combination and is typically performed by one of two methods: the checkerboard array or the time-kill assay. Here, we present an automated, inkjet printer-assisted checkerboard array synergy technique and a classic time-kill synergy study.
03:40
UV Irradiation: A Method to Integrate Extrachromosomal Arrays
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2023
Microinjection of transgenes usually results in C. elegans strains with large extrachromosomal arrays, which result in variable expression and transmission of the transgene. UV Irradiation can induce chromosomal integration of the array and more stable transgene transmission.
10:39
Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
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Cited by 10 •
2016
The measurement protocol and data analysis procedure are given for obtaining transverse coherence of a synchrotron radiation X-ray source along four directions simultaneously using a single 2-D checkerboard phase grating. This simple technique can be applied for complete transverse coherence characterization of X-ray sources and X-ray optics.
04:49
A Micro-drive Array Method for Electrophysiological Recording from Multiple Brain Regions
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2025
The video demonstrates simultaneous electrophysiological recording from multiple brain regions in a rat using an integrative micro-drive array. Recording electrodes are placed in the olfactory bulb, reference electrodes in the frontal cortex, and micro-drive array electrodes in the hippocampus. The rat is allowed to forage freely, and simultaneous recording from all the implanted electrodes is recorded using the array.
FAQs
The two-dimensional layout lets investigators vary both agents simultaneously. Serial concentrations of one antimicrobial can be paired with serial concentrations of the other, so each well represents a distinct combination rather than an isolated single-agent test. Comparing inhibition across the array shows how changing either component alters the combined response and creates an interaction profile for follow-up analysis.
MIC and FIC index provide complementary measurements. The MIC records the concentration conditions associated with inhibiting microbial growth for a particular pairing, whereas the fractional inhibitory concentration index summarizes the interaction between the two agents. Considering both measures helps distinguish the inhibitory performance of individual combinations from the broader relationship between the agents.
Synergistic, additive, indifferent, and antagonistic results describe different combination behaviors. Synergy indicates a favorable interaction, whereas antagonism indicates that the agents work against the intended combined effect; additive and indifferent outcomes represent intermediate or non-enhancing relationships. These categories help prioritize combinations for further study instead of treating every growth-inhibiting pair as equally promising.
Preparation begins by generating serial concentrations for each antimicrobial and arranging them across a microplate so the two dilution series intersect. Researchers then expose the microbial system to the resulting combinations and measure growth inhibition. The measurements support determination of MIC values and calculation of the FIC index, linking plate layout directly to interaction analysis.
The method is useful when the goal is to compare antimicrobial combinations against a pathogen rather than evaluate agents only in isolation. The resulting interaction patterns can identify combinations with therapeutic potential, reveal less favorable pairings, and support decisions about which treatments deserve additional mechanistic or application-focused investigation.
Combinations that show favorable interactions may provide candidates for approaches intended to improve antimicrobial effectiveness against pathogens. The method does not by itself establish clinical utility or explain the mechanism, but it can identify pairings for follow-up studies of antimicrobial action, resistance-management strategies, and therapeutic potential.