Serum Probing
Serum Probing - Related Videos
06:44
Isolation of Small Noncoding RNAs from Human Serum
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Cited by 13 •
2014
This protocol describes a method for extracting small RNAs from human serum. We have used this method to isolate microRNAs from cancer serum for use in DNA arrays and also singleplex quantitative PCR. The protocol utilizes phenol and guanidinium thiocyanate reagents with modifications to yield high quality RNA.
05:38
Custom-made Microdialysis Probe Design
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Cited by 9 •
2015
Microdialysis is a commonly used technique in neuroscience research. Therefore commercial probes are in great demand.In this work a probe assembly is explained in detail to build a reliable, concentric, custom-made microdialysis probe for less than $10.
02:52
Development and Maintenance of Serum-Free Embryoid Bodies
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2025
The video describes the procedure for developing serum-free embryoid bodies (SFEBs) from neuronal progenitor cells using various serum-free differentiation mediums or DM. DM-2 facilitates neurons' maturation and arrangement to form SFEBs, while DM-3 is used for further growth maintenance.
13:58
Probing C84-embedded Si Substrate Using Scanning Probe Microscopy and Molecular Dynamics
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Cited by 1 •
2016
This paper reports the nanomaterial fabrication of a fullerene Si substrate inspected and verified by nanomeasurements and molecular dynamic simulation.
05:04
Viral Antigen Microarray Assay to Detect Antibody Isotypes in Serum Against Viral Antigen
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2025
In this video, we demonstrate the process for detecting antibody isotypes in multiple human serum samples using a microarray slide printed with antigenic subtypes of influenza virus strains.
FAQs
Specificity comes from selective antibody binding to an immobilized target, such as a protein, peptide, or pathogen-derived material. After incubation, a labeled secondary antibody reveals where serum antibodies have bound through a colorimetric, fluorescent, or other detection signal. The resulting reactivity pattern indicates which tested antigens are recognized and supports characterization of antigen-specific immune responses.
The immobilized material determines which antibody specificities can be detected. Proteins and peptides can represent selected antigenic components, whereas pathogen-derived material may provide a broader set of targets. Comparing reactivity across these materials helps researchers map antigen recognition more precisely and identify patterns associated with infection, vaccination, or other immune conditions.
Colorimetric, fluorescent, and other labeled detection systems provide measurable evidence of antibody binding to the tested target. The signal pattern can be used to compare antigen-specific reactivity across serum samples, provided the same assay context is applied. These comparisons help identify differences in immune responses and support investigation of candidate biomarkers linked to disease or protection.
A typical workflow begins by placing selected proteins, peptides, or pathogen-derived material in an immobilized format. Serum samples are then incubated with these targets so antibodies can bind. Labeled secondary antibodies are added to reveal bound serum antibodies through a detection signal. Researchers subsequently compare the observed antigen-specific reactivity among samples or experimental groups.
Serum samples from these groups can be tested against the same panel of immobilized targets, allowing their antibody-recognition patterns to be compared. Differences in reactivity may indicate distinct exposure histories or immune responses. This design is useful for examining infection-associated responses, evaluating vaccine-related antibody recognition, and identifying reactivity patterns that distinguish groups.
The method supports several related goals: serological diagnosis, pathogen surveillance, vaccine evaluation, and study of humoral immunity over time. By showing which antigens are recognized in serum, it can help characterize immune exposure, track changing responses, and identify candidate biomarkers of disease or protection. Its value comes from linking antigen-specific reactivity with clinically or experimentally relevant groups.