Carotid Femoral
Carotid Femoral - Related Videos
05:51
Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
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Cited by 20 •
2018
This protocol describes a method to standardize the measurements of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity to evaluate arterial stiffness.
10:45
Central Venous Catheter Insertion: Femoral Vein
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2023
Source: James W Bonz, MD, Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA Central venous access is necessary in a multitude of clinical situations, including vascular access, vasopressor and caustic medication delivery, central venous pressure monitoring, volume resuscitation, total parental nutrition, hemodialysis, and frequent phlebotomy. There are three veins in the body that are accessed for central venous cannulation: the internal jugular, the subclavian, and the...
07:10
Femoral Bone Marrow Aspiration in Live Mice
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Cited by 18 •
2014
This protocol describes a procedure for serial sampling of femoral bone marrow (BM) without requiring the sacrifice of mice. This procedure facilitates longitudinal studies of the BM composition of mice over time and provides serial access to cells within the BM for ex vivo and transplantation studies.
04:28
Cannulation of the Carotid Artery in a Rat Model
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2025
In this video, we demonstrate a surgical procedure to cannulate the left carotid artery in a rat model.
03:47
A Murine Model of Carotid Aneurysm Formation
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2025
The present protocol describes a standardized surgical method for the induction of carotid aneurysms in a murine model through a single surgical operation.
FAQs
The calculation uses two measured quantities: the distance between the carotid and femoral recording sites and the time separating pulse arrival at those locations. Dividing the traveled distance by the transit time produces the velocity. This timing-based approach converts recordings from two arterial sites into a functional measure of large-artery behavior rather than relying on pressure information from one location.
Arterial compliance describes how readily an artery accommodates the pressure wave generated by a heartbeat. When large arteries are less compliant, that wave travels more rapidly, producing a higher carotid-femoral value. This relationship makes the measurement useful for examining vascular aging and hypertension, conditions associated with changes in large-artery stiffness.
Blood pressure and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity describe different aspects of vascular function. The velocity measurement provides a functional indicator of large-artery health, while blood pressure supplies pressure-related information. Considering both, along with other clinical measures, can support evaluation of cardiovascular risk and help characterize vascular changes that pressure alone may not fully represent.
Sensors or pressure-sensitive devices are positioned to record the pulse at the carotid and femoral arteries. The system identifies when the pressure wave reaches each site, while the traveled distance between them is determined for the calculation. These recordings allow the transit time and resulting velocity to be obtained without an invasive arterial measurement.
In medicine, clinicians may use the assessment when examining vascular aging, hypertension, or cardiovascular risk. Its value comes from showing how the large arteries function, not simply from reporting a pressure measurement. As a noninvasive assessment, it can complement blood pressure and other clinical measures when researchers or clinicians evaluate arterial health.
The result indicates how quickly the heartbeat-generated pressure wave moves through the carotid-to-femoral path. A faster wave is associated with less compliant arteries, whereas a slower wave reflects greater compliance. Interpreted in the context of vascular aging, hypertension, and cardiovascular risk, the value provides a functional perspective on large-artery condition.