Tissue Recellularization
Tissue Recellularization - Related Videos
02:27
Confirming Viral Transduction in Recellularized Rat Liver Using Immunohistochemical Staining
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2026
Source: Hiller, T. et. al. Study of Viral Vectors in a Three-dimensional Liver Model Repopulated with the Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line HepG2. J. Vis. Exp. (2016)This video demonstrates immunohistochemical staining to evaluate viral gene transfer in a recellularized rat liver model. Reporter expression, confirmed by antibody detection and co-localization with nuclear staining, indicates successful viral transduction in the cells.
09:24
Decellularization and Recellularization of Whole Livers
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Cited by 39 •
2011
Perfusion decellularization is a novel technique to produce whole liver scaffolds that retains the organ's extracellular matrix composition and microarchitecture. Herein, the method of preparing whole organ scaffolds using perfusion decellularization and subsequent repopulation with hepatocytes is described. Functional and transplantable liver grafts can be generated using this technique.
08:45
Whole Organ Tissue Culture
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2023
Whole organs can be cultured ex vivo using specialized bioreactors with the goal of repairing or replacing entire organs. This method uses a donor organ that is stripped of all cells, leaving behind the three-dimensional structure, which is then repopulated with new cells. This video demonstrates the whole organ culture of lungs and shows how a dynamic culture that mimics the mechanical stimulation in the body is needed to induce native tissue properties.
11:35
Decellularization and Recellularization Methodology for Human Saphenous Veins
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Cited by 21 •
2018
Here, we describe a protocol for the saphenous vein decellularization using detergents and recellularization by perfusion of the peripheral blood and the endothelial medium.
16:45
Nonhuman Primate Lung Decellularization and Recellularization Using a Specialized Large-organ Bioreactor
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Cited by 46 •
2013
Whole-organ decellularization produces natural biological scaffolds that may be used for regenerative medicine. The description of a nonhuman primate model of lung regeneration in which whole lungs are decellularized and then seeded with adult stem cells and endothelial cells in a bioreactor that facilitates vascular circulation and liquid media ventilation is presented.
FAQs
The preserved extracellular matrix provides tissue-specific structural cues that guide how introduced cells interact with the scaffold. These cues can support cell adhesion and migration while helping organize later proliferation and maturation. Because the matrix retains features of the original tissue, it may help seeded cells develop within a biologically relevant architecture rather than in an undifferentiated environment.
Effective preparation must remove cellular components while maintaining the extracellular matrix that gives the scaffold its structural and biological context. Excessive disruption could reduce the tissue-specific cues needed for cell behavior, whereas incomplete removal may leave unwanted cellular material. This balance directly affects how well the scaffold can support repopulation and the restoration of tissue-related function.
A bioreactor provides controlled conditions that can improve how cells distribute throughout a scaffold. Perfusion helps deliver nutrients across the construct, while mechanical stimulation supplies physical cues during culture. By combining these functions, the system can support cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and maturation more effectively than relying only on static culture conditions.
Selected cells determine how the repopulated scaffold develops and whether it can progress toward tissue-specific function. Patient-derived cells are especially relevant to personalized approaches because they can be combined with structural cues from an appropriate scaffold. The resulting system may better reflect an individual’s biology while supporting engineered tissue development and regenerative applications.
A typical workflow begins with a decellularized scaffold whose extracellular matrix has been preserved. Researchers then introduce selected living cells, place the construct under conditions that support adhesion and migration, and promote subsequent proliferation and maturation. Bioreactor culture may be added to improve distribution and regulate perfusion, nutrient delivery, and mechanical stimulation during development.
Successful repopulation depends on conditions that allow cells to attach to the scaffold, move through its structure, multiply, and mature. Controlled perfusion can improve nutrient access and cell distribution, while mechanical stimulation provides additional physical input. These conditions are particularly important when the goal is to develop a construct that more closely reproduces tissue structure and function.
The approach is used to develop engineered tissues and organs, where a preserved scaffold supplies structural guidance for newly introduced cells. It also supports disease modeling and drug-response studies by creating tissue-like systems for investigation. In regenerative medicine, combining patient-derived cells with tissue-specific scaffolds may contribute to personalized therapeutic strategies.
Tissue recellularization connects scaffold engineering, cell biology, and controlled culture systems. Bioengineers use extracellular-matrix architecture as a structural foundation, selected cells as the living component, and bioreactors to regulate environmental and mechanical conditions. Together, these elements provide a platform for studying tissue development, constructing replacement tissues, and evaluating disease or drug responses.