Cameleon
Cameleon - Related Videos
01:13
Nonconscious Mimicry
0 Views •
2020
Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention. The concept of nonconscious mimicry is not a new one. How often do you find yourself mimicking someone’s behavior or speech, or even beginning to like the same things that they do? Such actions relate to forming affiliation and fitting in within social situations. Here, this phenomenon will be explored from various aspects to understand how nonconscious...
11:06
In vivo Neuronal Calcium Imaging in C. elegans
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Cited by 20 •
2013
With its small transparent body, well-documented neuroanatomy and a host of amenable genetic techniques and reagents, C. elegans makes an ideal model organism for in vivo neuronal imaging using relatively simple, low-cost techniques. Here we describe single neuron imaging within intact adult animals using genetically encoded fluorescent calcium indicators.
08:10
In Vivo 2-Photon Calcium Imaging in Layer 2/3 of Mice
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Cited by 28 •
2008
To understand network dynamics of microcircuits in the neocortex, it is essential to simultaneously record the activity of a large number of neurons . In-vivo two-photon calcium imaging is the only method that allows one to record the activity of a dense neuronal population with single-cell resolution .
07:42
Non-invasive Imaging of Leukocyte Homing and Migration in vivo
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Cited by 8 •
2010
Here, we describe a non-invasive two-photon (2P) microscopy approach to study leukocyte homing in the mouse footpad. We discuss the technical aspects of our tissue imaging preparation and walk the reader through a typical experiment from initial set up to execution and data collection.
09:10
A Method for Culturing Embryonic C. elegans Cells
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Cited by 13 •
2013
We describe here a revised protocol for large-scale culture of embryonic C. elegans cells. Embryonic C. elegans cells cultured in vitro using this method, appear to differentiate and recapitulate the expression of genes in a cell specific manner. Techniques that require direct access to the cells or isolation of specific cell types from the other tissues can be applied on C. elegans cultured cells.
FAQs
When calcium binds the sensor’s calcium-binding domain, the linked protein components change conformation. That structural rearrangement changes fluorescence resonance energy transfer, or FRET, between the fluorescent proteins. The resulting fluorescence change provides an optical readout of intracellular Ca2+ fluctuations, allowing activity-related signals to be followed in living neurons.
Calmodulin supplies the calcium-binding function, while the M13 peptide forms part of the linked calcium-responsive domain. Fluorescent proteins provide the optical components whose FRET relationship changes after calcium binding. Together, these elements connect a molecular recognition event to a measurable fluorescence change that reports intracellular calcium dynamics.
Because neurons can express Cameleon genetically, researchers can monitor calcium signals without repeatedly loading an external dye. This feature supports observations in living cells and makes it practical to follow activity patterns over time. The approach is therefore useful when experiments require sustained observation of neuronal activity rather than a single dye-loading session.
Researchers first express the genetically encoded indicator in living neurons, then use fluorescence microscopy to observe changes in its signal. Calcium-related fluorescence fluctuations are interpreted as activity-associated intracellular Ca2+ signals. Measurements can be collected from individual cells or extended to organized neural preparations, depending on the experimental question and imaging scale.
Cameleon can support studies of synaptic signaling, neural network function, and activity patterns over time. By converting intracellular calcium changes into fluorescence measurements, it lets investigators examine how neuronal activity appears within individual cells and across connected neural systems. These observations help relate cellular signaling to broader patterns of circuit function.
Fluorescence microscopy with Cameleon can be used to examine calcium signals across cells, tissues, and neural circuits, while also tracking activity patterns over time. This combination of spatial reach and repeated observation allows researchers to compare activity among neurons, assess tissue-level organization, and investigate how neural circuit activity changes during an experiment.