Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia - Related Videos
08:38
Renal Capsule Xenografting and Subcutaneous Pellet Implantation for the Evaluation of Prostate Carcinogenesis and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
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Cited by 13 •
2013
We describe the manufacture of compressed hormone pellets, as well as subcutaneous surgical implantation into mice. This strategy can be combined with the growth of cell and tissue xenografts under the renal capsule of athymic nude mice to evaluate hormonal carcinogenesis and regulation of benign prostate growth.
06:04
Surgical Treatment for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP).
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Cited by 6 •
2018
Here we present a safe and efficient protocol, holmium laser enucleation of the prostate, to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.
05:28
Enucleation of the Prostate for the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Using a 980 nm Diode Laser
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Cited by 1 •
2020
Here, we present a protocol for modified 980 nm diode laser enucleation to treat large volume benign prostatic hyperplasia.
07:42
Laser-capture Microdissection of Human Prostatic Epithelium for RNA Analysis
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Cited by 15 •
2015
The goal of this protocol is to use laser-capture micro-dissection as an effective method to isolate pure populations of cell types from heterogeneous prostate tissues for downstream RNA analysis.
11:29
miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues
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Cited by 16 •
2015
Here we describe a simplified protocol for microRNA (miRNA) expression analyses in archived Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) or fresh frozen prostate cancer (PCa) clinical tissues employing quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH).
FAQs
Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists relax smooth muscle at the prostate and bladder neck, reducing the dynamic component of urinary obstruction. Because this action changes muscle tone rather than prostate size, symptom improvement can occur relatively rapidly. In pharmacology, this mechanism explains their role when the immediate goal is to ease lower urinary tract symptoms such as hesitancy or weak stream.
5-alpha-reductase inhibitors work through a different target: they reduce formation of dihydrotestosterone, an androgen that contributes to prostate tissue growth. The resulting reduction in prostate size develops gradually, so these drugs address a structural component rather than providing the relatively rapid smooth-muscle relaxation associated with alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists. This distinction is important when setting treatment expectations.
The prostate and bladder neck can impede flow through increased smooth-muscle tone, while enlarged tissue contributes a more persistent physical component. Targeting only one mechanism may not address the other source of symptoms. This two-mechanism framework helps pharmacologists relate a drug’s molecular target to its expected effect, onset, and role in individualized symptom management.
A pharmacological plan can be aligned with whether the priority is relatively rapid relief of urinary symptoms, gradual reduction of prostate enlargement, or management of both contributing mechanisms. The choice therefore depends on linking the desired outcome to drug action and time course. This approach supports symptom management while keeping prevention of urinary retention in view.
These therapies are used to manage lower urinary tract symptoms, including hesitancy, weak stream, and increased frequency. Their broader clinical value also includes helping prevent complications such as urinary retention. Evaluating treatment therefore involves more than asking whether prostate size changes; it also considers whether urinary symptoms and flow-related difficulties are being addressed.
Mechanism-based treatment can address factors that narrow the urinary passage before obstruction progresses to retention. Alpha-1 antagonists reduce smooth-muscle tone, whereas 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors gradually reduce the tissue-related component through lower dihydrotestosterone formation. Consequently, pharmacology contributes both to current symptom management and to a preventive strategy aimed at reducing the risk of urinary retention.