Clathrin Coated Vesicles
Clathrin Coated Vesicles - Related Videos
01:12
Clathrin Coated Vesicles
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2023
Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
01:32
Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles
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2023
Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
17:14
In vivo and in vitro Studies of Adaptor-clathrin Interaction
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Cited by 8 •
2011
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis depends on adaptor proteins that coordinate cargo selection and clathrin coat assembly. Here we describe procedures to study adaptor-clathrin physical interaction and live cell imaging approaches using as a model the yeast endocytic adaptor protein Sla1p.
00:59
COP Coated Vesicles
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2023
Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of different...
07:30
Measuring Synaptic Vesicle Endocytosis in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons
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Cited by 10 •
2017
Synaptic vesicle endocytosis is detected by light microscopy of pHluorin fused with synaptic vesicle protein and by electron microscopy of vesicle uptake.
FAQs
Adaptor proteins provide the cargo-selection step by recognizing particular cargo proteins and recruiting clathrin to the cytosolic face of a membrane. This arrangement links the molecular identity of the cargo to coat assembly rather than allowing clathrin to assemble independently. As a result, vesicle formation can concentrate selected membrane proteins for intracellular transport.
Clathrin triskelia assemble into a curved lattice on the cytosolic membrane surface. The lattice changes membrane geometry as it grows, promoting formation of a bud around the selected cargo. This coupling between coat organization and membrane curvature explains how cargo capture and bud formation become coordinated during production of a transport carrier.
Dynamin acts at the membrane-remodeling stage, where its activity mediates scission and releases the vesicle from the donor membrane. The clathrin coat does not remain permanently attached; after release, it disassembles. These events are important because a carrier must first separate from its source and then become available for subsequent intracellular trafficking.
At the plasma membrane, they support receptor-mediated endocytosis, bringing selected surface receptors and associated cargo into the cell. A related route begins at the trans-Golgi network and delivers material to endosomes. The shared coat-based mechanism therefore operates in more than one cellular location, while the starting membrane and transport direction distinguish these routes.
A useful cellular workflow begins with adaptor recognition of cargo, followed by clathrin recruitment to the cytosolic membrane surface. Triskelia then assemble into a curved lattice, the bud undergoes dynamin-mediated scission, and the released carrier sheds its coat. Tracking these ordered stages helps distinguish cargo selection, membrane deformation, vesicle release, and post-release coat disassembly.
Studying their assembly and regulation can reveal how cells control nutrient uptake, receptor signaling, and membrane-protein distribution. The same analysis connects molecular events to organelle-level transport because these carriers operate at the plasma membrane and in traffic from the trans-Golgi network to endosomes. These outcomes make the system useful for understanding cellular communication and organization.