Genetic Toxicology
Genetic Toxicology - Related Videos
09:33
Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors
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Cited by 1 •
2018
This manuscript describes the use of genetically-encoded fluorogenic reporters in an application of live-cell imaging for the examination of xenobiotic-induced oxidative stress. This experimental approach offers unparalleled spatiotemporal resolution, sensitivity, and specificity while avoiding many of the shortcomings of conventional methods used for the detection of toxicological oxidative stress.
11:38
High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents (HPHC)
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Cited by 23 •
2016
The objective of the study was to assess the biological impact of 15 cigarette smoke constituents using a combination of an impedance-based real time cell analyzer and a high-content screening (HCS)-based platform for toxicological assessment in vitro. This study provides information on effective doses, toxicity and modes of action of the tested compounds.
08:45
Genetic Crosses
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2023
To dissect genetic processes or create organisms with novel suites of traits, scientists can perform genetic crosses, or the purposeful mating of two organisms. The recombination of parental genetic material in the offspring allows researchers to deduce the functions, interactions, and locations of genes. This video will examine how genetic crosses were influential in developing Mendel's three laws of inheritance, which form the basis of our understanding of genetics. One genetic crossing...
08:50
Genetic Screens
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2023
Genetic screens are critical tools for defining gene function and understanding gene interactions. Screens typically involve mutating genes and then assessing the affected organisms for phenotypes of interest. The process can be “forward”, where mutations are generated randomly to identify unknown genes responsible for the phenotypes, or it can be “reverse”, where specific genes are targeted for mutation to observe what phenotypes are produced.Here, JoVE reviews various types of genetic...
09:03
Forward Genetic Approaches in Chlamydia trachomatis
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Cited by 21 •
2013
We describe a methodology to perform genetic analysis in Chlamydia based on chemical mutagenesis and whole genome sequencing. In addition, a system for DNA exchange within infected cells is described that can be used for genetic mapping. This method may be broadly applicable to microbial systems lacking transformation systems and molecular genetic tools.
FAQs
Damage becomes biologically significant when it interferes with DNA replication or repair. Replication can preserve or convert lesions into errors, whereas repair processes may correct damage or leave altered genetic material. Measuring the resulting lesions and errors helps researchers connect an exposure with genome instability rather than treating every detected change as an identical outcome.
These assays examine different levels of genetic injury. DNA-damage assays detect lesions, mutation assays identify errors that become fixed in genetic material, and chromosome-aberration assays evaluate larger-scale chromosome changes. Using the appropriate endpoint allows investigators to distinguish an initial molecular disturbance from effects that emerge during replication or chromosome segregation.
Chromosome segregation determines how genetic material is distributed during cell division. Agents that interfere with this process can produce chromosome-level abnormalities even when the initial disturbance is not described only as a DNA lesion. Including chromosome-aberration measurements therefore broadens evaluation of genome stability and supports investigation of cellular consequences of exposure.
Genetic toxicology can evaluate chemical, physical, and biological agents. This broad scope is important because different agent types may disturb genetic material through different interactions with DNA replication, repair, or chromosome segregation. The same overall framework can therefore support studies of pharmaceuticals, industrial chemicals, and environmental contaminants while focusing on their genetic effects.
Researchers use measurements of DNA damage, mutations, or chromosome aberrations to identify whether an agent presents a genetic hazard. These results contribute to safety evaluation for pharmaceuticals, industrial chemicals, and environmental contaminants. The assays provide evidence for biological responses to exposure, helping connect observed genetic changes with decisions about potential risk.
By examining altered genetic material and genome stability, genetic toxicology helps researchers investigate mechanisms of carcinogenesis. The same measurements can also support studies of cellular effects and possible inherited consequences. This makes the field relevant not only to exposure screening, but also to understanding how genetic changes may influence disease-related biological processes.