Her2 Gene
Her2 Gene - Related Videos
10:21
Protocol for HER2 FISH Using a Non-cross-linking, Formalin-free Tissue Fixative to Combine Advantages of Cryo-preservation and Formalin Fixation
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Cited by 3 •
2017
Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) is often required in combination with histopathology and molecular diagnostics for selection of therapy in personalized medicine. A novel non-cross-linking, formalin-free tissue fixative that allows high quality morphologic, molecular and FISH analyses from the same specimen by addition of a post-fixation step before FISH is presented.
11:34
Building Up a High-throughput Screening Platform to Assess the Heterogeneity of HER2 Gene Amplification in Breast Cancers
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Cited by 19 •
2017
Heterogeneous distribution of HER2-positive cells can be observed in a subset of breast cancers and generates clinical dilemmas. Here, we introduce a reliable and cost-effective protocol to define, quantify, and compare HER2 intra-tumor genetic heterogeneity in a large series of heterogeneously processed breast cancers.
11:52
Analysis of Targeted Viral Protein Nanoparticles Delivered to HER2+ Tumors
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Cited by 1 •
2013
This article details the procedures for optical imaging analysis of the tumor-targeted nanoparticle, HerDox. In particular, detailed use of the multimode imaging device for detecting tumor targeting and assessing tumor penetration is described here.
12:55
Using the Gene Pulser MXcell Electroporation System to Transfect Primary Cells with High Efficiency
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Cited by 11 •
2010
This procedure shows how to use the Gene Pulser MXcell electroporation system to rapidly and easily identify the best electroporation conditions for mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) or other primary cells. Considerations for troubleshooting are also discussed in the associated video.
01:57
Gene Families
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2020
Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate. Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
FAQs
Overactive signaling can result when the HER2 gene is amplified or when HER2 expression increases. More receptor activity can promote excessive transmission through intracellular PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways after HER2 forms dimers with other epidermal growth factor receptor family members. These signaling changes can alter cellular growth, survival, and differentiation, contributing to tumor development.
HER2 receptors participate in signaling by forming dimers with other members of the epidermal growth factor receptor family. This receptor pairing provides the context for activating downstream pathways, including PI3K/AKT and MAPK. Studying dimer-dependent signaling helps explain how changes at the cell surface can produce broader effects on growth and survival inside the cell.
Both gene amplification and increased expression can increase HER2-related signaling, but they describe different changes associated with the receptor system. The resulting excess activity can intensify signals that regulate cell growth and survival. This distinction is important when investigating why tumors develop abnormal signaling and when interpreting HER2 status in biological or medical studies.
HER2 biology provides a framework for studying why targeted treatment responses vary and why resistance can emerge. Excessive signaling through pathways such as PI3K/AKT and MAPK can be examined alongside treatment response to identify how tumor cells continue receiving growth or survival signals. This research connects receptor activity with differences in therapeutic outcomes.
HER2 status helps characterize certain tumors and supports decisions about whether HER2-directed treatment may be relevant. In cancers where HER2 is evaluated, the result can guide consideration of therapies such as trastuzumab and other treatments directed at this receptor system. Thus, testing status links molecular tumor information with treatment selection.
HER2 status is particularly relevant in breast, gastric, and gastroesophageal tumors. Evaluating the gene or its expression in these cancer contexts helps researchers and clinicians characterize tumor biology and identify cases in which HER2-directed therapies may be considered. The same receptor pathway therefore has importance across several distinct tumor types rather than only one cancer.
Research on HER2 can connect molecular changes with tumor development, treatment response, and resistance. Investigators can examine how amplification or increased expression relates to excessive signaling, then consider how those changes affect the behavior of tumors exposed to targeted therapies. This makes HER2 useful for linking gene regulation, signaling pathways, and clinically relevant cancer outcomes.