Particle Recovery
Particle Recovery - Related Videos
03:37
Subatomic Particles
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2020
Dalton was only partially correct about the particles that make up matter. All matter is composed of atoms, and atoms are composed of three smaller subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. These three particles account for the mass and the charge of an atom. The Discovery of the Electron The first clue about the subatomic structure came at the end of the 19th century when J.J. Thomson discovered the electron using a cathode ray tube. This apparatus consisted of a sealed glass...
02:40
Amplification and Recovery of Infectious Bacteriophages
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2026
Source: Rustad, M. et al. Synthesis of Infectious Bacteriophages in an E. coli-based Cell-free Expression System. J. Vis. Exp. (2017)This video demonstrates the amplification and recovery of infectious bacteriophages from E. coli cultures. It outlines the steps for plaque isolation, phage replication, controlled lysis, and purification.
02:41
Concentration and Purification of Viral Particles
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2026
Source: Fricano-Kugler, C. J., et al. Designing, Packaging, and Delivery of High Titer CRISPR Retro and Lentiviruses via Stereotaxic Injection. J. Vis. Exp. (2016).This video demonstrates the step-by-step process for concentrating and purifying lentiviral particles from a mixed suspension containing host cell debris. The procedure utilizes centrifugation, filtration, and PEG-salt precipitation to isolate viral particles while removing soluble impurities. The final product is resuspended in a...
02:10
The Nucleosome Core Particle
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2020
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins. The paradox Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
13:48
Reverse Genetics Mediated Recovery of Infectious Murine Norovirus
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Cited by 24 •
2012
Noroviruses are a major cause of gastroenteritis yet molecular techniques for their characterisation are still relatively new. Here we report two different reverse genetics approaches for the efficient recovery of murine norovirus (MNV), the only member of this genus which can be propagated in cell culture.
FAQs
The separation principle depends on which particle property differs most clearly from the surrounding sample. Filtration uses size to retain material, while centrifugation and density-gradient separation use density-related sedimentation behavior. Shape can also affect behavior, and surface properties enable affinity capture. Matching the method to that property improves the chance of collecting the intended material for later analysis.
Centrifugation and density-gradient separation both rely on how particles move during sedimentation, but a density gradient adds density differences to the separation strategy. This makes density and sedimentation behavior central when the goal is to distinguish particulate material within a complex biological sample. The recovered material can then be examined for abundance, composition, or biological activity.
Affinity-based recovery depends on surface properties rather than only physical behavior. A selected target can be captured because its surface provides the relevant basis for affinity, allowing the method to focus on particular particulate material in a complex sample. This selectivity is useful when broad collection by size or sedimentation would not adequately distinguish the biological target of interest.
Recovery outcomes can change when particles differ in size, density, shape, or surface properties, because each method responds to a different characteristic. Sample complexity also matters: particles with overlapping physical behavior may be less readily distinguished by a single approach. Considering these variables helps researchers choose a separation strategy that provides material suitable for downstream measurement.
A typical workflow begins by selecting a separation principle, applying filtration, centrifugation, density-gradient separation, or affinity-based capture, and collecting the particulate fraction. The recovered material is then directed to an appropriate endpoint, such as microscopy, molecular analysis, quantification, or a functional assay. This sequence links physical isolation to a measurable biological result.
Choose filtration when size-based retention addresses the question; choose centrifugation or density-gradient separation when sedimentation behavior is informative; and choose affinity capture when selected targets and surface properties matter. The choice should also reflect the intended measurement, since recovered particles may be analyzed by microscopy, molecular methods, quantification, or functional assays.
Particle recovery can be applied to cells, microorganisms, extracellular vesicles, and other biological particulates. Separating these materials from complex samples allows them to be collected and examined outside the original mixture. This supports studies of particle abundance, composition, and biological activity through microscopy, molecular analysis, quantitative measurements, and functional workflows.
The recovered fraction can support several complementary readouts. Microscopy can examine the material visually, molecular analysis can characterize its molecular content, quantification can estimate abundance, and functional assays can assess biological activity. These readouts answer different questions, so the recovery strategy should align with whether the study emphasizes amount, composition, or function.