Tumor Metastasis
Tumor Metastasis - Related Videos
12:03
In Vivo Model for Testing Effect of Hypoxia on Tumor Metastasis
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Cited by 6 •
2016
This manuscript describes the development of an animal model that allows for the direct testing of the effects of tumor hypoxia on metastasis and the deciphering the mechanisms of its action. Although the experiments described here focus on Ewing sarcoma, a similar approach can be applied to other tumor types.
06:31
Primary Tumor and MEF Cell Isolation to Study Lung Metastasis
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Cited by 13 •
2015
The goal of this protocol is to study breast tumorigenesis. With this technique, mouse mammary tumors are removed and primary cells are prepared from tumors. A lung extraction protocol is included for studying lung metastasis. Furthermore, another protocol for analyzing mouse embryonic fibroblasts from the mouse embryo is included.
09:53
Labeling of Breast Cancer Patient-derived Xenografts with Traceable Reporters for Tumor Growth and Metastasis Studies
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Cited by 18 •
2016
We describe a method for stable labeling of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) with lentiviral particles expressing green-fluorescent protein and luciferase reporters. This method allows for tracking the growth of PDXs at the primary site, as well as detecting spontaneous and experimental metastases using in vivo imaging systems.
08:56
Evaluation of Lung Metastasis in Mouse Mammary Tumor Models by Quantitative Real-time PCR
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Cited by 9 •
2016
This protocol describes how to use quantitative Real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) to detect tumor cell specific mRNA representing metastasis within the mouse lung tissue.
11:43
Advanced Animal Model of Colorectal Metastasis in Liver: Imaging Techniques and Properties of Metastatic Clones
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Cited by 6 •
2016
The ability of metastatic clones to colonize distant sites depends on their proliferation capacity and/or their ability to survive in the host microenvironment without significant proliferation. Here, we present an animal model that allows quantitative visualization of both types of liver colonization by metastatic clones.
FAQs
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition can enhance cancer-cell motility and invasiveness, making it easier for cells to move through surrounding tissue during early dissemination. This cellular change is therefore studied as a mechanism that may promote progression from the primary tumor toward vascular or lymphatic entry, rather than as a separate process from metastasis.
Blood and lymphatic vessels provide routes through which tumor cells can leave the primary site and travel to other tissues. Successful dissemination also requires cells to survive during circulation and later pass through vessel walls. Studying these interactions helps explain why vascular access and vessel-associated behavior influence metastatic progression.
A secondary tumor must interact with the microenvironment of the tissue it reaches. Surrounding tissue, blood vessels, and immune cells can all influence how cancer cells behave after arrival. Experimental studies therefore examine these local interactions to understand why disseminated cells may establish tumors in some tissues and not others.
Immune cells and neighboring tissue are important components of the metastatic environment, even when they are not themselves cancer cells. Their interactions with tumor cells can be examined alongside blood-vessel behavior and tissue responses. This systems-level view helps biology researchers investigate tumor progression beyond the properties of malignant cells alone.
Experimental models reproduce selected interactions involved in dissemination, including relationships between cancer cells, blood vessels, immune cells, and surrounding tissue. Researchers use these models to observe how cells move, survive, exit vessels, and respond to a new environment. The resulting evidence helps connect cellular mechanisms with metastatic progression.
Studying tumor metastasis can identify biomarkers associated with the risk of disease progression or dissemination. Such markers may help researchers distinguish tumors with different metastatic potential and clarify which biological changes accompany spread. Their value lies in supporting risk assessment and guiding further investigation into mechanisms or therapeutic targets.
Metastasis research identifies stages that may be therapeutically targeted, including dissemination from the primary tumor and growth at secondary sites. By defining how cancer cells interact with vessels, immune cells, and local tissue, researchers can investigate strategies intended to block spread or prevent successful establishment and expansion elsewhere.