Adenovirus Surface Modification
Adenovirus Surface Modification - Related Videos
12:31
Chemoselective Modification of Viral Surfaces via Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry
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Cited by 14 •
2012
Adenovirus particles are engineered to contain either the unnatural amino acid analogue azidohomoalanine or the azido sugar O-GlcNAz. The azide group of each is chemoselectively ligated via "click" chemistry reactions as a means of viral surface modification.
14:48
PDMS Device Fabrication and Surface Modification
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Cited by 5 •
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02:40
Detecting SMAD Pathway Activation Using Dual Adenovirus Transduction
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2026
Source: Chen, H., et al. Live Cell Imaging of the TGF-β/Smad3 Signaling Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo Using an Adenovirus Reporter System. J. Vis. Exp. (2018).This video demonstrates a method to study SMAD pathway activation in breast cancer cells using dual adenoviral infection. One virus delivers a constitutively expressed GFP gene, while the other carries an RFP reporter under a SMAD-sensitive promoter. Upon TGF-beta stimulation, SMAD proteins are activated, forming a complex that induces RFP...
08:48
Selective Area Modification of Silicon Surface Wettability by Pulsed UV Laser Irradiation in Liquid Environment
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Cited by 1 •
2015
We report on a process of in situ alteration of HF treated Si (001) surface into a hydrophilic or hydrophobic state by irradiating samples in microfluidic chambers filled with H2O2/H2O solution (0.01%-0.5%) or methanol solutions using pulsed UV laser of a relative low pulse fluence.
08:14
Combined Genetic and Chemical Capsid Modifications of Adenovirus-Based Gene Transfer Vectors for Shielding and Targeting
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Cited by 9 •
2018
The protocol described here enables researchers to specifically modify adenovirus capsids at selected sites by simple chemistry. Shielded adenovirus vectors particles and retargeted gene transfer vectors can be generated, and vector host interactions can be studied.
FAQs
Genetic approaches alter the capsid proteins themselves, whereas chemical approaches attach molecules to the existing capsid surface. These strategies can influence the virus in different ways: genetic changes may alter native binding properties, while attached molecules can mask binding sites or redirect interactions. Comparing both approaches helps researchers investigate how capsid composition controls cell targeting and immune recognition.
Surface changes can redirect which host cells an adenovirus interacts with by modifying or masking native binding sites. This affects viral tropism, meaning the pattern of cell or tissue targeting, and can change the entry process under investigation. Researchers use these alterations to examine how capsid interactions contribute to cell-specific delivery, unwanted uptake, and differences in host-cell entry.
The immune system can recognize adenovirus particles through their surface features, including responses involving pre-existing antibodies. Surface modification may mask relevant sites or change how the particle interacts with immune components, potentially limiting recognition. This is important when researchers aim to study antiviral responses or develop delivery systems that function more effectively in individuals who already have adenovirus immunity.
Selection depends on the intended change in cell targeting, native binding, unwanted uptake, or immune recognition. Genetic alteration is relevant when capsid protein properties need to be changed, while chemical attachment can provide surface masking or redirected interactions. In immunology and infection studies, the strategy is chosen according to whether the main goal is to examine entry, tropism, antigen presentation, or antiviral responses.
A study generally begins by choosing a capsid feature or surface interaction to alter, followed by applying either a genetic capsid change or chemical attachment of a selected molecule. The resulting particles are then examined for effects on host-cell interactions and immune responses. This workflow connects the engineered surface with outcomes such as altered targeting, antigen presentation, or reduced recognition.
Researchers apply the approach to investigate viral tropism, host-cell entry, antigen presentation, and antiviral responses. It also supports development of gene-delivery vectors and vaccine platforms when tissue specificity or immune interaction must be adjusted. By changing surface behavior, investigators can explore how adenovirus particles distribute their interactions between target cells, unintended sites, and immune components.
Surface modification can help improve tissue specificity, reduce off-target effects, and potentially address pre-existing immunity. These properties are relevant to gene-delivery vectors because delivery may need to favor selected tissues while limiting unwanted uptake. The same design principles support vaccine platforms by providing a way to investigate and adjust interactions with host cells and antiviral immune responses.