Cytokine Stimulation Cycles
Cytokine Stimulation Cycles - Related Videos
06:29
Accurate and Simple Measurement of the Pro-inflammatory Cytokine IL-1β using a Whole Blood Stimulation Assay
0 Views •
Cited by 9 •
2011
We describe a simple immunoassay to measure the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1 beta production, in patients presenting with autoinflammatory phenotypes. By activating cells in whole blood cultures with pathogen-associated molecular patterns, specifically with lipopolysaccharide, cytokine secretion can be conveniently evaluated in whole blood supernatants.
05:00
Ex Vivo T Cell Stimulation in the Pancreatic Tumor: A Method to Increase Cytokine Production in T Cells
0 Views •
2023
This article describes the technique for ex vivo T cell stimulation to increase the intracellular concentration of cytokines such as interferon-gamma or IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha or TNF-alpha in the T cell. These cytokines mediate an effective anti-tumor response and can have a therapeutic role in the...
12:58
Expression of Exogenous Cytokine in Patient-derived Xenografts via Injection with a Cytokine-transduced Stromal Cell Line
0 Views •
Cited by 2 •
2017
Described here is a method for producing exogenous cytokine in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice via weekly intraperitoneal injection of a cytokine-transduced stromal cell line. This method broadens the utility of PDX and provides the option for transient or sustained exogenous cytokine delivery in a multitude of PDX models.
10:57
Cell Cycle Analysis: Assessing CD4 and CD8 T Cell Proliferation After Stimulation Using CFSE Staining and Flow Cytometry
0 Views •
2023
Source: Perchet Thibaut1,2,3, Meunier Sylvain1,2,3, Sophie Novault4, Rachel Golub1,2,3 1 Unit for Lymphpoiesis, Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France 2 INSERM U1223, Paris, France 3 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France 4 Flow Cytometry Platfrom, Cytometry and Biomarkers UtechS, Center for Translational Science, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France The cell cycle is a universal process of life. During the cell cycle, a cell undergoes...
02:57
Assessing Antiviral Cytokine Production in Response to Viral Infection
0 Views •
2026
Source: Zhang, J., et al. Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production. J. Vis. Exp. (2014)This video demonstrates the process of infecting murine fibroblast cells with herpesvirus and monitoring the resulting antiviral cytokine release and gene expression. It outlines key steps, including viral infection, media collection for cytokine quantification, and cell harvesting for gene expression analysis.
FAQs
Changing the stimulus tests whether immune cells maintain, reduce, or alter their response over time. Cytokine removal interrupts the preceding exposure, whereas renewal creates another timed signaling event. Comparing these phases can reveal temporal changes in receptor-driven intracellular signaling and downstream gene expression, helping distinguish repeated-exposure responses from those observed after a single stimulus.
Varying cytokine combinations and the timing of their exposure changes the signaling context experienced by immune cells. A cycle can therefore compare responses to different inflammatory environments rather than measuring one fixed condition. These comparisons help identify how treatment sequence and timing influence proliferation, differentiation, survival, effector function, or changes in gene expression.
Intermittent stimulation separates cytokine exposures into defined rounds, while sustained exposure maintains the stimulus across a longer interval. The contrast can show whether cells respond differently to repeated signaling than to continued signaling. In immunology experiments, this distinction is useful for examining adaptation, persistent activation, or dysfunction under changing versus continuously inflammatory conditions.
The most informative outcomes may include altered gene expression, cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and effector function. Tracking these responses across successive cycles shows whether cellular behavior remains stable or changes with repeated exposure. Such time-dependent patterns provide evidence about immune-cell activation and adaptation, including responses that may indicate dysfunction during prolonged inflammatory conditions.
A cycle design specifies the cytokine exposure, the duration of each timed round, and the point at which the stimulus is removed or renewed. Researchers then repeat the schedule as needed and compare cellular responses across rounds or treatment conditions. This structure links each observed change to the timing and composition of the experimental stimulation.
Schedules can be compared by changing one or more defined features, such as cytokine combination, exposure timing, renewal timing, or the interval between rounds. Measuring the same cellular outcomes across these schedules supports direct evaluation of treatment effects. The resulting comparisons help determine whether a response depends on stimulus composition, repetition, or the timing of exposure.
These cycles model changing immune environments relevant to host defense, chronic inflammation, and immune-based therapies. In infection research, they can help characterize how immune cells activate, adapt, or become dysfunctional under repeated inflammatory signals. The approach also supports evaluation of treatment timing and cytokine combinations, connecting experimental schedules with broader questions about immune regulation.