Hla-ig Dimer
Hla-ig Dimer - Related Videos
07:18
HLA-Ig Based Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells for Efficient ex vivo Expansion of Human CTL
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Cited by 17 •
2011
A new DC independent method for induction and expansion of antigen-specific T cells is described. HLA A2-Ig based artificial Antigen Presenting Cells (aAPC) are loaded with HLA-A2 restricted peptides to efficiently expand CTL of diverse antigen specificity. This technology holds great potential for CTL-based adoptive immunotherapy.
08:07
Personalized Peptide Arrays for Detection of HLA Alloantibodies in Organ Transplantation
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Cited by 2 •
2017
Mismatches in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) sequences between organ donor and recipient pairs are the major cause of antibody-mediated rejection in organ transplantation. Here we present the use of custom antigen arrays that are based on individual donors' HLA sequences to probe anti-donor HLA alloantibodies in organ recipients.
03:15
A Peptide Array-Based Detection of Anti-donor HLA Alloantibodies in Organ Recipients
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2025
This video demonstrates an assay to detect anti-donor HLA alloantibodies in organ recipients. A peptide array is synthesized to represent potential epitopes for antibody-mediated organ rejection. The array is incubated with the recipient's serum, containing alloantibodies that bind to their target epitopes. Antibody binding is detected using chemiluminescence to identify donor-specific HLA epitopes that incite alloantibody reactivity.
10:39
Visualization of ATP Synthase Dimers in Mitochondria by Electron Cryo-tomography
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Cited by 43 •
2014
We present a protocol of how to collect and process electron cryo-tomograms of whole mitochondria. The technique provides detailed insights into the structure, function, and organization of large membrane protein complexes in native biological membranes.
10:44
Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
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Cited by 5 •
2019
We present protocols for the isolation of stable heterocyclic carbenes. The synthesis of a cyclic (alkyl)(amino) carbene (CAAC) and an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) is demonstrated using filter cannulas and Schlenk technique. We furthermore present the synthesis of the related oxygen-sensitive, electron-rich mixed “Wanzlick dimer” and the reduced stable organic radical.
FAQs
The defined peptide occupies the antigen-binding portion of the HLA molecule and establishes which T-cell receptors can bind the probe. T cells with matching receptors may therefore be distinguished from cells lacking that specificity. Changing the peptide changes the antigen-specific population being examined, allowing separate analysis of responses directed against different targets.
Linking HLA to an immunoglobulin Fc region produces a dimer rather than a single HLA-peptide unit. This multivalent arrangement increases molecular stability and presents paired binding sites for interactions with matching T-cell receptors. The Fc region also provides a consistent structure for detection with labeled antibodies or other reagents, supporting measurement of antigen-specific cells.
Multivalency allows the probe to engage more than one relevant interaction within the same molecular complex, which can support detection of T cells carrying matching receptors. This feature complements peptide-defined specificity: the peptide determines the recognized antigenic target, while the dimeric Fc-linked format improves the probe’s stability and detectability during analysis.
Researchers load the HLA component with a defined pathogen-related peptide and expose the resulting probe to cells from blood or tissue. Matching T cells bind the complex and can then be identified with labeled antibodies or other detection reagents. This approach helps quantify and characterize cellular immune responses directed against the pathogen.
Analysis can reveal the presence and relative amount of T cells with a selected antigen specificity, while additional characterization describes the responding population in the sampled blood or tissue. Comparing these measurements across samples can support evaluation of cellular immunity, including differences associated with immune memory or changes during disease progression.
HLA-Ig dimers are useful when investigators need to follow antigen-specific T-cell responses in contexts such as pathogen infection, vaccination, disease progression, or immune memory. Because the probe can be tailored with a defined peptide, researchers can examine responses to selected antigens and compare cellular immunity across blood or tissue samples.