In Vivo Expression
In Vivo Expression - Related Videos
10:02
An Ectopic Chemokine Expression Model for Testing Macrophage Recruitment In Vivo
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2019
To test the effect of a chemokine on macrophage recruitment in vivo, the whole mount in situ hybridization was used to detect the ectopic expression of the chemokine, and immunostaining was used to label macrophages. Live imaging was used for real-time observation of macrophage migration.
05:28
Targeted Expression of GFP in the Hair Follicle Using Ex Vivo Viral Transduction
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Cited by 1 •
2008
The hair follicle is a highly complex appendage of the skin containing a multiplicity of cell types. The follicle undergoes constant cycling through the life of the organism including growth and resorption with growth dependent on specific stem cells. The targeting of the follicle by genes and stem cells to change its properties, in particular, the nature of the hair shaft is, discussed. Hair follicle delivery systems are described, such as liposomes and viral vectors for gene therapy. The...
08:54
In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression
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Cited by 2 •
2019
This protocol outlines the steps needed to generate a model system in which the transcription of an endogenous gene of interest can be conditionally controlled in live animals or cells using enhanced lac repressor and/or tet activator systems.
03:23
Measurement of the In Vivo Burden of Bacteria Expressing Luciferase in an Insect Larva
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2025
This video showcases the in vivo bacterial burden measurement using Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, BCG, lux-infected insect larvae. The process involves larval homogenization, treatment with a luciferase substrate, and bioluminescence measurement to determine relative light units that correlate with bacterial burden.
25:06
In utero and ex vivo Electroporation for Gene Expression in Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells
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Cited by 30 •
2009
Here we present two techniques for manipulating gene expression in murine retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) by in utero and ex vivo electroporation. These techniques enable one to examine how alterations in gene expression affect RGC development, axon guidance, and functional properties.
FAQs
Promoters and other regulatory elements determine more than whether expression occurs. They help restrict production to particular tissues or cell populations, establish when it is active, and influence its strength. This control lets investigators associate a gene-derived signal with a defined neural context, which is essential when interpreting changes in circuits, physiology, or behavior.
The process can begin through two distinct routes: introducing genetic material into the organism or activating an endogenous regulatory sequence already associated with the gene. In either case, transcription produces RNA and translation can produce protein, so the measured product depends on which stage is being examined. This distinction helps researchers design and interpret molecular readouts.
Compared with expression studied in isolated cells or cell-free systems, in vivo expression preserves the nervous system’s intact setting. That context allows molecular changes to be considered alongside physiology, behavior, and circuit organization. It therefore helps researchers examine how gene activity relates to neural function within the broader biological environment rather than as an isolated cellular process.
A conceptual workflow starts by identifying the neural tissue or population of interest, selecting genetic material or an endogenous regulatory sequence, and considering promoter and control-element activity. Investigators then examine the resulting RNA or protein in the living organism and relate it to the experimental question. These choices determine where, when, and how strongly the signal appears.
In neuroscience, the approach supports several complementary goals. It can label neural populations, monitor cellular activity, alter gene function, or examine how cells are arranged within circuits. Because these uses operate in intact nervous systems, the resulting expression pattern can be connected to circuit organization instead of being considered only as an isolated molecular event.
Researchers may use in vivo expression when the central question requires a connection between molecular regulation and organism-level function. Measurements can help relate gene-derived RNA or protein to neural physiology, behavior, or disease mechanisms. The value lies in linking expression with these outcomes in the same intact nervous-system context, rather than treating molecular production as an endpoint alone.