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Mapping mRNA Ends with RACE
Description
RACE, or Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends, is a PCR-based method used to find the full length of an mRNA transcript. It extends cDNA to either the 3' end or the 5' end, even when the full sequence is not already known. Because it focuses on one end of a transcript, it is also called one-sided or anchored PCR.
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Transcript
通常情况下,对于新发现的 mRNA,仅知道其完整序列的一部分。mRNA 两端缺失的核苷酸序列可以通过一种基于 PCR 的方法来确定,该方法称为 cDNA 末端快速扩增(Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends,RACE)。
在真核生物中,成熟的mRNA在两端具有独特的结构特征。在5'端,大多数mRNA通过5'至5'三磷酸键连接一个甲基化的鸟苷酸残基,这一结构也称为5'帽。在3'端,大多数真核生物具有由20至250个腺苷酸残基组成的尾部,称为多聚(A)尾。
现在,如果已知mRNA中任意位置存在一段较短的核苷酸序列,则可以使用基因特异性引物和一种非特异性的寡聚(dT)引物来扩增其至3'末端的序列,其中寡聚(dT)引物可与位于3'末端的poly...
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