Lower Limb Amputation
Lower Limb Amputation - Related Videos
06:49
Rat Hindlimb Below-Knee Amputation Model and Immediate Targeted Muscle Reinnervation
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2026
This protocol demonstrates how to perform a below-knee amputation in rats and to immediately perform targeted muscle reinnervation (iTMR) to investigate strategies to treat and prevent amputation-related pain and to better understand pain mechanisms associated with amputation.
07:25
Predicting Amputation using Local Circulating Mononuclear Progenitor Cells in Angioplasty-treated Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia
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Cited by 3 •
2020
Lower limb amputation may occur even after angioplasty of obstructed vessels in Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI). Mononuclear Progenitor Cells (MPCs) reflect vascular repair. The present protocol describes the quantification of MPCs from circulation close to angioplasty, and its relationship with endothelial dysfunction and prediction of lower limb amputation.
14:03
Orthotopic Hind-Limb Transplantation in Rats
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Cited by 21 •
2010
Here we describe the orthotopic rat hind-limb transplantation procedure, which seems to be the gold standard in vivo model for composite tissue allotransplantation research.
07:15
Orthotopic Hind Limb Transplantation in the Mouse
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Cited by 24 •
2016
This novel model for orthotopic hind limb transplantation in the mouse, applying a non-suture cuff technique for super-microvascular anastomosis, provides a powerful tool for in vivo mechanistic immunological research related to vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA).
06:14
Chemical Amputation and Regeneration of the Pharynx in the Planarian Schmidtea mediterranea
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Cited by 3 •
2018
The planarian Schmidtea mediterranea is an excellent model for studying stem cells and tissue regeneration. This publication describes a method to selectively remove one organ, the pharynx, by exposing animals to the chemical sodium azide. This protocol also outlines methods for monitoring pharynx regeneration.
FAQs
Biomechanics and tissue loading help engineers shape a prosthetic socket and align its components with the residual limb and movement demands. The design goal is to support stable, energy-efficient motion while accounting for how forces affect healing or sensitive tissues. This engineering perspective connects anatomical preservation during surgery with later mobility, comfort, and the user's ability to control the device.
Residual-limb shaping and protection create the anatomical foundation for later device fitting. After tissues heal, engineers and rehabilitation teams can use the limb's shape, remaining anatomy, and loading characteristics to develop a socket that supports function. This sequence matters because fitting a prosthesis requires adequate healing and recovery before rehabilitation and device use can proceed effectively.
Mechanical support and movement assistance are only part of current prosthetic research. Implantable interfaces are being studied to create a more direct relationship between the user's intentions and device behavior while providing sensory feedback. In bioengineering, this expands evaluation beyond basic mobility toward coordinated interaction among nervous-system signals, hardware, and gait, with the aim of making movement feel more natural.
Sensors can provide information used to personalize prosthetic behavior, while powered components can assist movement rather than merely provide structural support. Their value depends on how well they work with biomechanics and neural control, not on hardware alone. Research therefore links sensing, actuation, and user-specific control to goals such as stable gait, energy-efficient movement, and greater independence.
The pathway includes surgical removal of nonviable tissue or management of severe injury or disease, division and shaping of bone and soft tissues, protection of the residual limb, and healing. Rehabilitation and prosthetic fitting follow recovery rather than occurring immediately. Keeping these stages connected helps preserve function and gives later bioengineering decisions a healed anatomical and tissue-loading basis.
They use anatomical and biomechanical knowledge when designing sockets, prosthetic limbs, sensors, and powered devices for particular residual limbs and movement needs. These inputs help address stability, energy efficiency, and control during gait. The same framework supports personalized systems rather than one design for every user, making it relevant to mobility and independence after amputation.
Advanced systems are evaluated for more than whether a person can move. Important outcomes include stable, energy-efficient gait, reduced discomfort, enhanced sensory feedback, and more natural movement. These measures reflect different engineering challenges: mechanical interaction with tissue, control of the device, and communication between the user and prosthesis. Together, they show why mobility and independence require multidimensional assessment.