Ammonium Oxidation
Ammonium Oxidation - Related Videos
01:25
Isolation of Ammonium-Oxidizing Iron Reducers from a Wetland Soil–Derived Enrichment Culture
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2025
Begin with a wetland soil-derived enrichment culture containing bacterial communities.The culture exhibits Feammox activity, ammonium oxidation coupled to ferric iron reduction, indicating the enrichment of a bacterium capable of this metabolic process.Serially dilute the culture using media.Streak the diluted samples onto test agar plates supplemented with ferric iron and ammonium.Use control plates that lack either ferric iron or ammonium, or contain ferric iron with organic carbon instead of...
09:50
Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery
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Cited by 31 •
2015
We demonstrate the extraction of ammonium from an ammonium-rich stream using an electrochemical and a bioelectrochemical system. The reactor setup, operation and data analysis are discussed.
03:14
Oxidation Numbers
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2020
In redox reactions, the transfer of electrons occurs between reacting species. Electron transfer is described by a hypothetical number called the oxidation number (or oxidation state). It represents the effective charge of an atom or element, which is assigned using a set of rules. Oxidation Number (Oxidation State) In the case of an ionic compound, oxidation numbers are assigned based on the number of electrons transferred between reacting species. For example, in the formation of calcium...
01:15
Pyruvate Oxidation
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2019
After glycolysis, the charged pyruvate molecules enter the mitochondria via active transport and undergo three enzymatic reactions. These reactions ensure that pyruvate can enter the next metabolic pathway so that energy stored in the pyruvate molecules can be harnessed by the cells. First, the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase removes the carboxyl group from pyruvate and releases it as carbon dioxide. The stripped molecule is then oxidized and releases electrons, which are then picked up by NAD+...
03:11
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
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2020
Oxidation–Reduction Reactions Earth’s atmosphere contains about 20% molecular oxygen, O2, a chemically reactive gas that plays an essential role in the metabolism of aerobic organisms and in many environmental processes that shape the world. The term oxidation was originally used to describe chemical reactions involving O2, but its meaning has evolved to refer to a broad and important reaction class known as oxidation–reduction (redox) reactions. Some redox reactions involve the transfer of...
FAQs
Ammonia monooxygenase initiates the pathway by converting ammonia into hydroxylamine. This intermediate is then further oxidized to nitrite, so the enzyme-controlled first step determines how reduced nitrogen enters the oxidized nitrogen pool. Because the reaction also supports energy production, it links a specific biochemical transformation with microbial growth.
Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea carry out the ammonia-to-hydroxylamine conversion using ammonia monooxygenase. Their activity provides energy for growth while moving nitrogen from a reduced form toward oxidized compounds. Including both microbial groups is important when interpreting nitrogen cycling across soils, sediments, and aquatic environments.
It connects organic nitrogen mineralization with later nitrogen transformations. Ammonium or ammonia produced from organic material can enter ammonium oxidation, generating nitrite that is subsequently available for nitrite oxidation. This sequential position makes the process influential in determining how nitrogen moves through biological and environmental systems.
Changing the activity of ammonium oxidation alters the conversion of ammonium or ammonia into oxidized nitrogen compounds. That shift can influence how much nitrogen remains in reduced forms versus enters pathways involving nitrite and subsequent oxidation. Consequently, environmental changes affecting this microbial process can modify nitrogen availability in soils, sediments, and aquatic ecosystems.
A conceptual workflow follows nitrogen from organic nitrogen mineralization to ammonium or ammonia conversion, then tracks production of hydroxylamine and nitrite before considering subsequent nitrite oxidation. This sequence helps researchers place microbial activity within the broader nitrogen cycle and distinguish the contribution of ammonium oxidation from later transformations.
Agricultural nutrient management depends on understanding how nitrogen changes form in soil. Ammonium oxidation helps explain the movement of ammonium or ammonia into oxidized nitrogen compounds and therefore provides context for nitrogen availability. Studying this process can support evaluations of how microbial nitrogen cycling influences nutrient conditions in agricultural environments.
Wastewater treatment research considers ammonium oxidation because the process converts reduced nitrogen into oxidized compounds within a larger nitrification sequence. Examining this step helps clarify how microbial activity contributes to nitrogen transformation and how ammonium oxidation relates to the subsequent processing of nitrite in treatment systems.
Research examines ammonium oxidation in soils, sediments, and aquatic ecosystems because these environments differ in how nitrogen is stored and transformed. Comparing them helps reveal how microbial conversion connects nitrogen mineralization with later oxidation steps. The process is also relevant for studying environmental changes that alter nitrogen cycling across these settings.