Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry
Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry - Related Videos
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Energy Dispersive X-ray Tomography for 3D Elemental Mapping of Individual Nanoparticles
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Cited by 11 •
2016
The use of energy dispersive X-ray tomography in the scanning transmission electron microscope to characterize elemental distributions within single nanoparticles in three dimensions is described.
10:39
Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
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Cited by 10 •
2016
The measurement protocol and data analysis procedure are given for obtaining transverse coherence of a synchrotron radiation X-ray source along four directions simultaneously using a single 2-D checkerboard phase grating. This simple technique can be applied for complete transverse coherence characterization of X-ray sources and X-ray optics.
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Preparing Adherent Cells for X-ray Fluorescence Imaging by Chemical Fixation
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Cited by 14 •
2015
Here, we present a protocol on how to determine the quantity and distribution of metals in a sample using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence. We focus on adherent cells, and describe the chemical fixation method to prepare this sample. We then describe how to mount and image the sample using synchrotron X-rays.
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Quantifying X-Ray Fluorescence Data Using MAPS
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Cited by 25 •
2018
Here, we demonstrate the use of the X-ray fluorescence fitting software, MAPS, created by Argonne National Laboratory for the quantification of fluorescence microscopy data. The quantified data that results is useful for understanding the elemental distribution and stoichiometric ratios within a sample of interest.
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X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
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2023
Source: Faisal Alamgir, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a technique that measures the elemental composition, empirical formula, chemical state and electronic state of the elements that exist within a material. XPS spectra are obtained by irradiating a material with a beam of X-rays while simultaneously measuring the kinetic energy and number of electrons that escape from the top several...
FAQs
The two energy levels provide complementary attenuation measurements as they pass through bone and soft tissue. Because these tissues reduce the X-ray beams differently at each energy, the system can separate their contributions computationally. This differential analysis allows DXA to estimate bone mineral content while also characterizing the distribution of soft tissue rather than treating the body as a single material.
Attenuation differences supply the information needed to distinguish mineralized bone from surrounding soft tissue. Without comparing the responses to both energy levels, the measured signal would not support the same separation of tissue components. The resulting analysis produces measurements relevant to skeletal health and body composition, giving the scan applications beyond a single bone-related outcome.
DXA can estimate both bone mineral density and body composition. The skeletal measurement supports evaluation of bone health, while tissue-distribution data support investigations of body composition. These outputs allow the same imaging approach to contribute to research on aging, nutrition, and metabolic disease, where changes in mineralized tissue and soft tissue may be considered together.
During the scan, two X-ray beams with different energy levels pass through the body. The system records how strongly bone and soft tissue attenuate each beam, then uses those differences to calculate mineral content and tissue distribution. The rapid acquisition and relatively low radiation exposure make the process suitable for assessment and, when needed, repeated evaluation over time.
Clinicians use DXA to evaluate skeletal health in situations involving osteoporosis, fracture-risk estimation, and treatment follow-up. The measurements provide a way to assess bone mineral density and observe changes during therapy. Because the examination can be acquired rapidly with relatively low radiation exposure, it supports monitoring rather than being limited to a single diagnostic assessment.
In research, DXA measurements support studies of body composition as well as skeletal health. Investigators apply the method to questions involving aging, nutrition, and metabolic disease, using its estimates of mineral content and tissue distribution as study outcomes. Its rapid acquisition and relatively low radiation exposure also support assessments conducted repeatedly over time.