Up-down Test
Up-down Test - Related Videos
14:15
Highly Efficient Ligation of Small RNA Molecules for MicroRNA Quantitation by High-Throughput Sequencing
0 Views •
Cited by 6 •
2014
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a widely conserved class of regulatory molecules. Here we describe a miRNA cloning method that relies upon two potent ligation steps followed by high-throughput sequencing. Our method permits accurate genome-wide quantitation of miRNAs.
07:58
Quantifying Fibrillar Collagen Organization with Curvelet Transform-Based Tools
0 Views •
Cited by 10 •
2020
Here, we present a protocol to use a curvelet transform-based, open-source MATLAB software tool for quantifying fibrillar collagen organization in the extracellular matrix of both normal and diseased tissues. This tool can be applied to images with collagen fibers or other types of line-like structures.
09:30
Microbial Control and Monitoring Strategies for Cleanroom Environments and Cellular Therapies
0 Views •
Cited by 2 •
2023
The protocol summarizes the best practices to minimize microbial bioburden in a cleanroom environment and includes strategies such as environmental monitoring, process monitoring, and product sterility testing. It is relevant for manufacturing and testing facilities that are required to meet current good tissue practice standards and current good manufacturing practice standards.
06:37
Protrusion Force Microscopy: A Method to Quantify Forces Developed by Cell Protrusions
0 Views •
Cited by 5 •
2018
Here, we detail the experimental techniques used to evaluate the protrusion forces that podosomes apply on a compliant film, from the preparation of the film to the automated analysis of topographical images.
11:19
Label-Free Immunoprecipitation Mass Spectrometry Workflow for Large-scale Nuclear Interactome Profiling
0 Views •
Cited by 9 •
2019
Described is a proteomics workflow for identifying protein interaction partners from a nuclear subcellular fraction using immunoaffinity enrichment of a given protein of interest and label-free mass spectrometry. The workflow includes subcellular fractionation, immunoprecipitation, filter aided sample preparation, offline cleanup, mass spectrometry, and a downstream bioinformatics pipeline.
FAQs
Its staircase design responds to each observed outcome by shifting the next dose in the opposite direction. After a negative response, the dose rises; after a positive response, it falls. Repeated adjustments move testing toward the dose range where the defined response changes, allowing estimation to focus on the threshold instead of distributing subjects across many unrelated dose levels.
The interval sets the size of each upward or downward dose adjustment. Because the next dose follows a predefined spacing, the sequence remains structured while responding to observed outcomes. This interval is therefore part of the test design: it determines how the staircase moves through dose levels and helps locate observations around the response threshold.
The method can estimate a dose associated with a defined response, including a median effective dose or a median toxic dose. The selected endpoint determines what the sequence is designed to locate. Consequently, the same adaptive framework can support questions about drug effects or toxicity, provided the response criterion has been defined in advance.
Testing begins with a participant or experimental animal receiving a selected dose, followed by assessment of the predefined response. The next subject or test step receives a higher dose after a negative response or a lower dose after a positive response, using the predetermined interval. This sequence continues so observations accumulate near the relevant response threshold.
Researchers may choose the up-down test for acute toxicity assessment, dose-finding, or evaluation of drug potency. It is particularly useful when the goal is to estimate a response-associated dose while avoiding extensive testing across fixed dose groups. Its adaptive sequence provides a practical balance between statistical estimation, experimental efficiency, and reduced animal use.
By directing later doses according to earlier responses, the design avoids treating every subject as though information from previous tests were unavailable. Observations become concentrated near the relevant response threshold rather than spread across numerous fixed dose groups. In experimental medicine and pharmacology, this supports dose estimation while limiting the number of animals tested.