Pathogen Growth
Pathogen Growth - Related Videos
10:39
Single Cell Measurements of Vacuolar Rupture Caused by Intracellular Pathogens
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Cited by 22 •
2013
We describe a method for tracking the endomembrane rupture elicited by the intracellular bacteria Shigella flexneri and Mycobacterium tuberculosis upon host cell invasion. Our assay makes use of CCF4, a host cytoplasmic FRET probe in live or fixed cells. This reporter is degraded by an enzyme activity present on the bacterial surface.
10:45
In Situ Visualization of Axon Growth and Growth Cone Dynamics in Acute Ex Vivo Embryonic Brain Slice Cultures
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Cited by 4 •
2021
This protocol demonstrates a straightforward and robust method to study in situ axon growth and growth cone dynamics. It describes how to prepare ex vivo physiologically relevant acute brain slices and provides a user-friendly analysis pipeline.
12:54
Detection of Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens from Individual Filth Flies
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Cited by 20 •
2015
A PCR-based protocol was adapted to detect Cronobacter spp., Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes from body surfaces and alimentary canals of individual wild-caught flies. The goal of this protocol is to detect and isolate bacterial pathogens from individual insects collected as part of an environmental sampling program during foodborne outbreak investigations.
11:46
Axon Stretch Growth: The Mechanotransduction of Neuronal Growth
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Cited by 30 •
2011
A unique tissue engineering method was developed to elongate numerous nerve fibers in culture by recapitulating axon stretch growth; a form of nervous system growth whereby nerves elongate in conjunction with growth of the enlarging body.
03:25
Cultivation of Pathogenic Spirochetes to Investigate Skin Infection
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2026
Source: Berthold, A., et al. Cultivation Methods of Spirochetes from Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Complex and Relapsing Fever Borrelia. J. Vis. Exp.(2022)This video demonstrates the cultivation of pathogenic spirochetes from infected skin tissue to model dermal infection. It highlights their localization in the dermis, interaction with the extracellular matrix, and survival during selective culture conditions.
FAQs
Nutrient availability, temperature, pH, oxygen, and moisture determine whether bacteria and fungi can sustain the cellular metabolism required for multiplication. Altering these conditions can change the measured size or rate of a microbial population. Researchers therefore control them carefully so that differences in growth more reliably reflect experimental treatments rather than environmental variation.
Viruses do not multiply through independent cellular metabolism in the same way as bacteria and fungi. They enter host cells and direct host machinery to produce new viral particles. Consequently, studies of viral replication must account for the host-cell context, while bacterial and fungal growth measurements focus on conditions that support their own cellular metabolism.
Controlled growth measurements show whether an antimicrobial affects the pathogen and how strongly it does so. These results allow researchers to evaluate antimicrobial activity, determine susceptibility, and calculate a minimum inhibitory concentration, or MIC, which indicates the lowest tested concentration that inhibits measurable growth. Such data help compare treatment strategies.
Susceptibility testing evaluates how a pathogen responds to an antimicrobial, whereas the minimum inhibitory concentration provides a concentration-based measure of inhibition. The MIC adds quantitative resolution by identifying the lowest tested drug concentration that prevents measurable growth. Together, these assessments help researchers characterize treatment activity rather than relying only on whether growth changes.
A study first maintains the pathogen under selected growth-supporting conditions, then exposes it to an antimicrobial or treatment strategy and measures the resulting growth. Researchers compare those measurements across treatments to evaluate activity and susceptibility. When concentration is varied, the results can support determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration and comparison of treatment strength.
These measurements are useful when discovering candidate antimicrobials, comparing treatment strategies, or assessing how effectively a therapy suppresses a pathogen. They also contribute to dosing decisions and resistance monitoring. By linking treatment exposure with inhibited growth, researchers can select promising approaches while considering the goal of limiting harm to host tissues.
Repeated susceptibility measurements can reveal changes in how a pathogen responds to an antimicrobial over time or across tested treatments. A shift toward weaker inhibition may signal reduced treatment effectiveness and prompt closer resistance monitoring. In pharmacology, this information supports evaluation of therapy choices and helps guide the development of strategies that continue suppressing pathogens.