Cyclic Di-gmp
Cyclic Di-gmp - Related Videos
03:15
Screening of Cyclic di-GMP Modulators Using Bacteria Expressing a Fluorescent Reporter Protein
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2025
Source: Rugjee, K. N., et al. Establishment of a High-throughput Setup for Screening Small Molecules That Modulate c-di-GMP Signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Vis. Exp. (2016).This video demonstrates the screening of cyclic di-GMP modulators using genetically modified bacteria that express green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of a c-di-GMP-sensitive promoter. Fluorescence is measured in a multi-well plate containing different test compounds. Compounds that inhibit c-di-GMP...
12:11
Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry - A Powerful Tool to Identify Novel c-di-GMP Effector Proteins
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Cited by 15 •
2015
The ubiquitous second messenger c-di-GMP controls growth and behavior of many bacteria. We have developed a novel Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry based technology to biochemically identify and characterize c-di-GMP binding proteins in virtually any bacterial species.
11:31
Establishment of a High-throughput Setup for Screening Small Molecules That Modulate c-di-GMP Signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Cited by 2 •
2016
This article describes the high-throughput assay that has been successfully established to screen large libraries of small molecules for their potential ability to manipulate cellular levels of cyclic di-GMP in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, providing a new powerful tool for antibacterial drug discovery and compound testing.
08:37
Cyclic Voltammetry (CV)
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Dr. Kayla Green — Texas Christian University A Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) experiment involves the scan of a range of potential voltages while measuring current. In the CV experiment, the potential of an immersed, stationary electrode is scanned from a predetermined starting potential to a final value (called the switching potential) and then the reverse scan is obtained. This gives a 'cyclic' sweep of potentials and the current vs. potential curve derived from the data is...
10:12
Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification of Prions
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Cited by 7 •
2012
Protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) is an in vitro assay for the study of prion conversion and strain and species barriers. It can also be used as a prion detection assay.
FAQs
GGDEF-containing diguanylate cyclases raise the signal by joining two GTP molecules into cyclic di-GMP. This reaction provides an enzymatic way to translate cellular conditions into a change in messenger abundance. Because synthesis is counterbalanced by phosphodiesterase activity, the resulting level can be adjusted rather than remaining fixed, supporting responsive bacterial behavior.
EAL- and HD-GYP-domain phosphodiesterases provide the opposing control arm by breaking down cyclic di-GMP when signaling conditions change. Their activity helps remove an existing signal, allowing regulatory outputs to shift from one behavioral state to another. Studying these enzymes therefore reveals how bacteria tune signaling dynamics, not merely whether the messenger is present.
Rather than acting directly as a behavior, cyclic di-GMP controls effector proteins and regulatory pathways. Those downstream targets convert a changed messenger level into altered motility, surface attachment, biofilm formation, or virulence. This separation between signal production and behavioral output lets one messenger coordinate several adaptive responses within the same bacterial cell.
When environmental conditions shift, altered synthesis or breakdown can redirect regulatory pathways. The resulting change in effector control helps bacteria move between free-living behavior and surface-associated behavior, including biofilm formation. This switch is biologically important because it links environmental sensing with adaptation to distinct microbial lifestyles.
Examining cyclic di-GMP signaling helps researchers connect biofilm development with antimicrobial tolerance. Changes in the balance between GGDEF-driven synthesis and phosphodiesterase-driven breakdown can be considered alongside surface-associated growth and bacterial responses. This makes the pathway useful for framing studies of how signaling contributes to biofilm-related outcomes, without treating biofilms as an isolated process.
In infection biology, the pathway is relevant because cyclic di-GMP regulates virulence as well as motility and attachment. Mapping its enzymes, effectors, and regulatory pathways can clarify how bacteria adapt during infection and identify signaling processes worth investigating for disruption. The same framework connects pathogenic behavior with broader questions of microbial adaptation.