Whole Vesicle Recording
Whole Vesicle Recording - Related Videos
08:21
F1FO ATPase Vesicle Preparation and Technique for Performing Patch Clamp Recordings of Submitochondrial Vesicle Membranes
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Cited by 7 •
2013
A method to isolate submitochondrial vesicles enriched in F1FO ATP synthase complexes from rat brain is described. These vesicles allow the study of the activity of F1FO ATPase complex and its modulation using the technique of patch clamp recording.
08:36
FM Dyes in Vesicle Recycling
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2023
FM dyes are a class of fluorescent molecules that has found important use in studying the vesicle recycling process. By virtue of a chemical structure, these molecules can insert themselves into the outer leaflet of phospholipid bilayer membranes. After membrane insertion, they are internalized into the cell via endocytosed vesicles, and released when these vesicles recycle back to the membrane. Since, these dyes fluoresce strongly in the hydrophobic environment within membranes and weakly in...
06:26
Pulling Membrane Nanotubes from Giant Unilamellar Vesicles
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Cited by 42 •
2017
Many proteins in the cell sense and induce membrane curvature. We describe a method to pull membrane nanotubes from lipid vesicles to study the interaction of proteins or any curvature-active molecule with curved membranes in vitro.
08:35
Lipid Bilayer Vesicle Generation Using Microfluidic Jetting
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Cited by 16 •
2014
Microfluidic jetting against a droplet interface lipid bilayer provides a reliable way to generate vesicles with control over membrane asymmetry, incorporation of transmembrane proteins, and encapsulation of material. This technique can be applied to study a variety of biological systems where compartmentalized biomolecules are desired.
03:45
Visualization of Vesicle Motilities in Neurons Using Fluorescence Imaging
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2025
This video demonstrates how neuronal vesicles are labeled with specific fluorescent proteins to visualize their movement. First, a plasmid coding for a fluorescent protein is incubated with a transfection agent and then introduced into a culture of neurons. Subsequently, images of the neurons are acquired and analyzed to track the vesicles' movement.
FAQs
Voltage control across the vesicle membrane sets the electrical conditions under which ions move. By changing the imposed voltage and measuring the resulting current, researchers can estimate membrane conductance, a measure of how readily the membrane passes charge. This separates electrical responses from changes in vesicle contents and helps compare channel or transporter activity under defined solutions.
A high-resistance seal between the glass pipette and vesicle membrane helps direct the measured electrical signal through the membrane region being studied. This improves control of the recording configuration and reduces ambiguity about the source of current. As a result, observed changes can be related more directly to ionic flux across the isolated vesicle membrane.
Keeping the vesicle intact preserves the membrane boundary that separates its interior from the surrounding solution. Measurements can therefore reflect how channels and transporters regulate the vesicle interior rather than only describing isolated molecular components. This functional view is especially valuable for examining ion homeostasis, membrane excitability, and processes linked to vesicle behavior.
An experiment begins with an isolated vesicle and a glass pipette positioned to form a high-resistance seal with its membrane. Researchers then establish voltage control and use defined solutions on the relevant sides of the membrane. Recorded currents and conductance changes are analyzed to determine how ionic flux responds under the selected electrical and chemical conditions.
Defined solutions make the chemical conditions surrounding the vesicle controlled rather than variable. This allows researchers to relate measured currents and conductance to the membrane environment used in the experiment, while reducing uncertainty from uncontrolled solution differences. The approach supports systematic examination of how vesicle ion channels and transporters contribute to regulation of the vesicle interior.
The technique is particularly useful for synaptic and secretory vesicles, where membrane currents can be examined alongside questions about excitability, ion homeostasis, and vesicle fusion. It provides direct functional information about membrane behavior that biochemical measurements and imaging may not supply alone. Combining these approaches can connect molecular composition or visual changes with electrical activity.