Footpad Swelling Measurement
Footpad Swelling Measurement - Related Videos
05:53
Mitochondrial Ca2+ Retention Capacity Assay and Ca2+-triggered Mitochondrial Swelling Assay
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Cited by 11 •
2018
This protocol aims to describe a method to examine the Ca2+ retention capacity and Ca2+- triggered mitochondrial swelling of isolated mitochondria of SH-SY5Y cells step-by-step.
07:04
Forskolin-induced Swelling in Intestinal Organoids: An In Vitro Assay for Assessing Drug Response in Cystic Fibrosis Patients
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09:07
Mouse Footpad Inoculation Model to Study Viral-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses
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Cited by 9 •
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The footpad inoculation model is a valuable tool for characterizing viral-induced neuroinflammatory responses in vivo. In particular, it provides a clear assessment of viral kinetics and associated immunopathological processes initiated in the peripheral nervous system.
08:16
High-Resolution Three-Dimensional Imaging of the Footpad Vasculature in a Murine Hindlimb Gangrene Model
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Cited by 4 •
2022
The present protocol describes a unique, clinically relevant model of peripheral arterial disease that combines femoral artery and vein electrocoagulation with the administration of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor to induce hindlimb gangrene in FVB mice. Intracardiac DiI perfusion is then used for high-resolution, three-dimensional imaging of the footpad vasculature.
11:49
Trans-vivo Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Assay for Antigen Specific Regulation
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Cited by 19 •
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We describe a valuable diagnostic assay that could potentially be used to decide the withdrawal of immunosuppression after transplant without elevated risk of graft rejection. The assay uses the principles of Delayed Type Hypersensitivity and provides accurate assessment of both donor specific effector and regulatory immune responses mounted by recipients.
FAQs
The measured enlargement reflects two linked responses: recruitment of immune cells to the stimulated tissue and vascular changes that increase local fluid accumulation. Together, these processes alter footpad size, allowing tissue inflammation to be expressed numerically rather than judged only by appearance. The resulting value indicates the magnitude of the localized response.
Thickness and volume provide two quantitative ways to characterize the same localized tissue response. Calipers measure a dimensional change directly, whereas a volume-displacement instrument assesses the space occupied by the swollen tissue. The selected readout should be applied consistently across experimental groups so that differences reflect inflammatory responses rather than differences in measurement approach.
A single reading shows the response at one time point, but serial measurements reveal when swelling develops and how its magnitude changes. This timing information helps distinguish the onset and progression of inflammation among groups. Tracking the response over time can therefore strengthen interpretation of immune activation, infection-related changes, or treatment-associated differences.
The introduced material determines the biological context of the localized response. An antigen, pathogen, or inflammatory stimulus can be used to examine different experimental questions, while the resulting enlargement reflects the tissue reaction to that challenge. Interpreting measurements requires relating the observed swelling to the selected stimulus and the immune or infection model under study.
A typical workflow introduces the selected antigen, pathogen, or inflammatory stimulus into the footpad, then measures tissue enlargement with calipers or a volume-displacement instrument. Measurements are collected at defined times and compared across experimental groups. Consistent handling of the stimulus, measurement method, and timing supports meaningful evaluation of response magnitude and progression.
This approach is useful when investigators need a quantitative readout of localized inflammation. It can support studies of cellular immune responses, host-pathogen interactions, vaccine efficacy, and anti-inflammatory treatments. By comparing swelling among groups and across time, researchers can evaluate how an intervention or biological condition changes the magnitude and timing of tissue inflammation.