Hiv Drug Resistance
Hiv Drug Resistance - Related Videos
05:46
Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
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Cited by 15 •
2014
Here we describe cellular cytotoxicity and single round infectivity assays that allow for the rapid and accurate screening of compounds to determine their cellular cytotoxicity (CC50) and IC50 values against WT and drug resistant HIV-1.
19:57
An Affordable HIV-1 Drug Resistance Monitoring Method for Resource Limited Settings
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Cited by 37 •
2014
Drug resistance testing for HIV-1 infected individuals failing antiretroviral therapy (ART) can guide future therapies and improve treatment outcomes. Optimizing individual and population health outcomes in high HIV prevalence but resource-limited settings will ultimately require affordable and accessible drug resistance genotyping and interpretation methods.
13:58
Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays
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Cited by 10 •
2011
Quantifying levels of HIV-1 RNA in plasma and sequencing single HIV-1 genomes from individuals with viral loads below the limit of detection (50-75 copies/ml) is difficult. Here we describe how to extract and quantify plasma viral RNA using a real time PCR assay that reliably measures HIV-1 RNA down to 0.3 copies/ml and how to amplify viral genomes by single genome sequencing, from samples with very low viral loads.
08:54
Validated LC-MS/MS Panel for Quantifying 11 Drug-Resistant TB Medications in Small Hair Samples
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Cited by 5 •
2020
Current methods of analyzing patients’ adherence to complex drug resistant-tuberculosis (DR-TB) regimens can be inaccurate and resource-intensive. Our method analyzes hair, an easily collected and stored matrix, for concentrations of 11 DR-TB medications. Using LC-MS/MS, we can determine sub-nanogram drug levels that can be utilized to better understand drug adherence.
12:03
Evaluation of the Efficacy And Toxicity of RNAs Targeting HIV-1 Production for Use in Gene or Drug Therapy
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Cited by 4 •
2016
Methods to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of RNA molecules targeting post-integration steps of the HIV-1 replication cycle are described. These methods are useful for screening new molecules and optimizing the format of existing ones.
FAQs
Resistance emerges through a selection process during HIV replication. Genetic changes can arise in the virus, and antiretroviral exposure creates drug pressure that favors variants able to persist. When treatment is incomplete or inconsistent, this selection may become more likely, allowing resistant variants to contribute to continued replication and making the original regimen less effective.
Matching matters because resistance mutations can affect particular antiretroviral drug classes rather than all medicines equally. Resistance testing reveals which mutations are present, helping clinicians choose a combination regimen that is more likely to remain effective. This approach reduces the risk that an inadequately matched regimen will fail and helps preserve future treatment options.
Once resistance affects one or more drug classes, treatment choices may become more limited because some medicines may no longer work effectively against the virus. Testing helps identify these limitations before a new combination is selected, supporting a regimen that can restore or maintain viral suppression rather than relying on medicines compromised by known mutations.
Resistance testing looks for viral genetic mutations associated with reduced activity of specific antiretroviral drug classes. Its result is not simply a general label of treatment success or failure; it provides information that connects observed mutations with medicines likely to be affected. Clinicians can then use that information when constructing an effective combination regimen.
Clinicians can use resistance testing to determine whether the virus carries changes that could undermine particular medicines and to select a better-matched combination. The result supports decisions when the current regimen is not adequately suppressing replication or when resistance is a concern. Its practical value lies in guiding treatment designed for durable viral suppression.
HIV drug resistance has both clinical and public health significance. In clinical care, recognizing resistance can help prevent treatment failure and support durable viral suppression. At the population level, resistant HIV can be transmitted, making resistance patterns relevant to prevention and treatment strategies. This broader context explains why resistance management extends beyond selecting medicines for one person.