C-di-gmp Signaling
C-di-gmp Signaling - Related Videos
03:15
Screening of Cyclic di-GMP Modulators Using Bacteria Expressing a Fluorescent Reporter Protein
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2025
Source: Rugjee, K. N., et al. Establishment of a High-throughput Setup for Screening Small Molecules That Modulate c-di-GMP Signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Vis. Exp. (2016).This video demonstrates the screening of cyclic di-GMP modulators using genetically modified bacteria that express green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of a c-di-GMP-sensitive promoter. Fluorescence is measured in a multi-well plate containing different test compounds. Compounds that inhibit c-di-GMP...
11:31
Establishment of a High-throughput Setup for Screening Small Molecules That Modulate c-di-GMP Signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Cited by 2 •
2016
This article describes the high-throughput assay that has been successfully established to screen large libraries of small molecules for their potential ability to manipulate cellular levels of cyclic di-GMP in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, providing a new powerful tool for antibacterial drug discovery and compound testing.
12:11
Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry - A Powerful Tool to Identify Novel c-di-GMP Effector Proteins
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Cited by 14 •
2015
The ubiquitous second messenger c-di-GMP controls growth and behavior of many bacteria. We have developed a novel Capture Compound Mass Spectrometry based technology to biochemically identify and characterize c-di-GMP binding proteins in virtually any bacterial species.
05:52
Measuring the Induced Membrane Voltage with Di-8-ANEPPS
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Cited by 49 •
2009
External electric field induces a voltage on the membrane of a cell, termed the induced membrane voltage (ΔΦ). By using the potentiometric dye di-8-ANEPPS, it is possible to measure the ΔΦ noninvasively. This video shows the protocol for measuring ΔΦ using di-8-ANEPPS.
09:51
Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
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Cited by 6 •
2017
Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling plays an important role in the pathophysiology of many human inflammatory diseases, and regulating TLR responses by bioactive nanoparticles is anticipated to be beneficial in many inflammatory conditions. THP-1 cell-based reporter cells provide a versatile and robust screening platform for identifying novel inhibitors of TLR signaling.
FAQs
The relative activities of these enzymes determine intracellular c-di-GMP levels. Diguanylate cyclases raise the signal by producing it from GTP, whereas phosphodiesterases lower it through breakdown. This balance allows bacterial cells to adjust signaling during adaptation rather than maintaining a fixed state, linking changes in the molecule’s concentration to shifts in cellular behavior.
C-di-GMP influences cells through several downstream targets, including effector proteins, riboswitches, and protein complexes. These targets translate changes in the signal into altered gene expression, motility, extracellular matrix production, or surface attachment. Because the signal can act through different target types, one pathway can coordinate multiple physiological outputs instead of controlling only a single cellular process.
Changes in c-di-GMP levels help coordinate whether bacteria remain motile or adopt a sessile, surface-associated state. This transition connects movement with extracellular matrix production and cell-surface attachment, processes that support biofilm formation. Consequently, the pathway helps bacteria reorganize their behavior as they adapt to environmental conditions and establish persistent communities.
By regulating extracellular matrix production and surface attachment, c-di-GMP signaling supports the formation of biofilms. These organized bacterial communities are associated with environmental persistence and can contribute to pathogenicity. Studying the pathway therefore helps explain how bacteria shift from freely motile behavior toward stable, surface-associated growth with consequences for microbial ecology and infection biology.
A focused investigation can follow the pathway from diguanylate cyclases and phosphodiesterases to intracellular c-di-GMP changes and downstream targets. Researchers can then examine effects on effector proteins, riboswitches, protein complexes, gene expression, motility, matrix production, and surface attachment. Connecting these levels reveals how molecular signaling produces broader changes in bacterial behavior.
The pathway provides a framework for studying how bacteria adapt their behavior in environmental and host-associated settings. Its effects on motility, attachment, extracellular matrix production, and gene expression connect molecular regulation with community formation and persistence. These features make c-di-GMP signaling relevant to microbial ecology, host-microbe interactions, and research on bacterial adaptation.
C-di-GMP signaling is relevant because it regulates behaviors that promote surface attachment, extracellular matrix production, and biofilm formation, all of which are linked to bacterial persistence. Research on the pathway can therefore identify biological processes associated with biofilm-associated infections and inform efforts to understand or control bacterial pathogenicity without treating the pathway as an isolated molecular event.