Quantum Dots
Quantum Dots - Related Videos
17:14
Compact Quantum Dots for Single-molecule Imaging
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Cited by 13 •
2012
We describe the preparation of colloidal quantum dots with minimized hydrodynamic size for single-molecule fluorescence imaging. Compared to conventional quantum dots, these nanoparticles are similar in size to globular proteins and are optimized for single-molecule brightness, stability against photodegradation, and resistance to nonspecific binding to proteins and cells.
10:56
Synthesis of Cd-free InP/ZnS Quantum Dots Suitable for Biomedical Applications
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Cited by 12 •
2016
In this protocol, the synthesis of Cd-free InP/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) is detailed. InP-based QDs are gaining popularity due to the toxicity of Cd2+ ions that may be released through nanoparticle degradation. After synthesis, QDs are solubilized in water using an amphiphilic polymer for use in biomedical applications.
15:47
Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots
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Cited by 3 •
2013
This paper presents a detailed fabrication protocol for gate-defined semiconductor lateral quantum dots on gallium arsenide heterostructures. These nanoscale devices are used to trap few electrons for use as quantum bits in quantum information processing or for other mesoscopic experiments such as coherent conductance measurements.
14:58
Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping
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Cited by 17 •
2015
The fabrication process and experimental characterization techniques relevant to single-electron pumps based on silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor quantum dots are discussed.
11:16
Correlative Light- and Electron Microscopy Using Quantum Dot Nanoparticles
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Cited by 12 •
2016
A method is described whereby quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles can be used for correlative immunocytochemical studies of epoxy embedded human pathology tissue. We employ commercial antibody fragment conjugated QDs that are visualized by widefield fluorescence light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.
FAQs
Quantum confinement restricts electrons and holes to discrete energy states inside the nanocrystal. Because these states depend on nanoscale dimensions, changing particle size changes the energy released as light after excitation. This size-dependent behavior lets researchers select probes with different emission colors for biological experiments without changing the underlying targeting strategy.
Quantum dots with different nanoscale dimensions emit different colors while remaining fluorescent probes of the same general type. Researchers can therefore associate separate colors with distinct antibodies, antigens, immune cells, or pathogen targets. This multiplexing allows several biomolecular signals to be visualized in one experiment, helping reveal interactions that would be difficult to compare separately.
Surface chemistry determines whether a quantum dot can be linked effectively to an antibody, antigen, or other targeting molecule and used in a biological setting. It also requires careful control because the surface influences how the probe behaves around cells and biomolecules. Appropriate surface design supports specific labeling, whereas poor control can compromise interpretation or raise toxicity concerns.
Bright emission improves the visibility of labeled targets, while resistance to photobleaching helps preserve fluorescence during observation. Together, these properties support sustained imaging of immune cells, pathogens, and biomolecular interactions. They are especially useful when researchers need to distinguish multiple signals or follow a host-pathogen response without the probe rapidly losing its detectable light.
A typical workflow begins by selecting quantum dots with suitable optical properties, then linking them to an antibody, antigen, or other targeting molecule. The resulting probe is introduced into the biological experiment to label a chosen cell, pathogen, or interaction, and its fluorescence is examined. The target and labeling purpose determine which conjugate is appropriate.
In immunology and infection research, targeted quantum dots can label immune cells, detect pathogens, and visualize interactions between host and pathogen-related biomolecules. Their tunable colors enable multiple targets to be examined together, while strong, persistent fluorescence supports sensitive imaging. These capabilities help researchers investigate immune responses and distinguish components of complex biological samples.
Researchers should assess both the surface chemistry and potential toxicity of the quantum-dot system before interpreting biological results. The probe must support the intended linkage to its targeting molecule and remain suitable for the cells or biomolecules being studied. Careful control of these factors helps separate genuine immune or infection-related signals from effects caused by the probe itself.