A Model for Encephalomyosynangiosis Treatment after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion-Induced Stroke in Mice

Mitch R. Paro; Daylin Gamiotea Turro; Michael Mcgonnigle; Ketan R. Bulsara; Rajkumar Verma

doi:10.3791/63951

Un modelo para el tratamiento de la encefalomiosinangiosis después del accidente cerebrovascular ...

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A Model for Encephalomyosynangiosis Treatment after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion-Induced Stroke in Mice

Un modelo para el tratamiento de la encefalomiosinangiosis después del accidente cerebrovascular inducido por la oclusión de la arteria cerebral media en ratones

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06:54 min

June 22, 2022

DOI: 10.3791/63951-v

Mitch R. Paro*¹, Daylin Gamiotea Turro*¹, Michael Mcgonnigle¹, Ketan R. Bulsara², Rajkumar Verma¹

¹Department of Neuroscience,UConn School of Medicine, ²Division of Neurosurgery,UConn School of Medicine

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Overview

This study presents a protocol for encephalomyosynangiosis (EMS) using a vascular temporalis muscle flap on ischemic brain tissue to treat acute ischemic stroke. The efficacy in promoting angiogenesis was evaluated through a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model in mice.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

Neuroscience
Stroke Recovery
Angiogenesis

Background

Stroke injuries damage the vascular network in the brain, making early restoration critical for recovery.
EMS surgery enhances the vascular network by increasing angiogenesis.
This method reduces reliance on pharmacological interventions for stroke recovery.
EMS may also provide insights into neuroangiogenesis and neurogenesis following stroke.

Purpose of Study

To assess the effectiveness of EMS in increasing blood flow to ischemic brain tissue.
To evaluate the cellular and molecular changes following EMS surgery.
To explore EMS's potential as a therapeutic intervention for malignant stroke.

Methods Used

The main platform used was a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model in mice.
Key biological model involved the temporalis muscle grafted onto the pial surface of ischemic brain tissue.
Following 60 minutes of occlusion, mice underwent EMS surgery involving a craniotomy and myotomy.
Recovery monitoring occurred post-surgery, with evaluations at 7 and 21 days for muscle cell health and angiogenesis.

Main Results

EMS significantly increased blood vessel area and density in the perilesional cortex post-stroke.
Angiogenesis was indicated by elevated FGF acidic protein and reduced osteopontin levels a few weeks post-surgery.
Although a 10%-11% mortality rate was noted, EMS did not increase this mortality, suggesting a favorable tolerance.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates EMS as a viable surgical method to enhance stroke recovery and angiogenesis.
These findings improve understanding of therapeutic strategies for stroke and other acute brain injuries.
EMS has prospects for broader applications in treating various acute neurological conditions.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the advantages of using the EMS model?

The EMS model allows for rapid restoration of vascular networks in the ischemic brain, promoting effective recovery from stroke and reducing the need for drugs.

How is the EMS surgery implemented?

EMS surgery involves grafting a temporalis muscle flap onto the ischemic brain's pial surface, facilitated by a series of surgical steps including craniotomy and myotomy.

What kind of outcomes can be obtained from this study?

Outcomes include assessments of angiogenesis through molecular readouts and evaluation of muscle cell survival and recovery post-surgery.

Can the EMS method be adapted for other types of injuries?

Yes, EMS has potential applications beyond stroke, including treatment for other acute brain injuries such as hematomas.

What are some limitations of the EMS approach?

While EMS is promising, it requires surgical skill and practice, as well as careful management of post-operative recovery in animal models.

El protocolo tiene como objetivo proporcionar métodos para la encefalomiosinangiosis (injerto de un colgajo de músculo vascular temporal en la superficie pial del tejido cerebral isquémico) para el tratamiento del accidente cerebrovascular isquémico agudo no moyamoya. La eficacia del enfoque en el aumento de la angiogénesis se evalúa utilizando un modelo transitorio de oclusión de la arteria cerebral media en ratones.

Una lesión por accidente cerebrovascular destruye la red vascular en el cerebro y la reactivación temprana del suministro vascular es necesaria para la recuperación del accidente cerebrovascular. La cirugía EMS restaura rápidamente las redes vasculares al aumentar la angiogénesis en el cerebro. La cirugía EMS ofrece un método seguro para lograr la angiogénesis cerebral, que en última instancia mejorará el flujo sanguíneo al tejido isquémico.

Este método puede reducir la necesidad de intervenciones farmacológicas. EMS tiene potencial terapéutico como tratamiento para el accidente cerebrovascular isquémico. En particular, se puede aplicar en el contexto de un accidente cerebrovascular maligno donde la hemicraniectomía se realiza de forma rutinaria.

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