Gamma H2ax
Gamma H2ax - Related Videos
01:32
Evoked Gamma Oscillations for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
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2025
Begin with a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease, wearing a gamma therapy stimulation device.The device consists of an eye-set and headphones.Using the controller, activate the device to deliver auditory and visual stimulation.The visual component emits flickering light at a gamma frequency, while the auditory component produces synchronized sound pulses.Gamma oscillations are brain waves generated by synchronized neuronal firing, crucial for cognition and memory.In AD, these...
05:47
Intravital Visualization of Gamma Delta Intraepithelial Lymphocytes
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2025
This video demonstrates the visualization of γδ intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in transgenic mice using confocal microscopy. The surgical procedure involves creating a perforation line and making a longitudinal incision to expose the intestinal mucosa and villi. The transgenic mice express reporter proteins exclusively in γδ IELs, allowing their tracking. Intravital imaging captures the dynamic movement of green fluorescence-labeled γδ IELs along the intestinal epithelial cell's basement...
09:04
Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons
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Cited by 3 •
2016
The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is located in the brainstem and its neurons are maximally activated during waking and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep brain states. This work describes the experimental approach to record in vitro gamma band subthreshold membrane oscillation in PPN neurons.
08:10
Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Gamma Delta T Cells
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Cited by 4 •
2017
We describe here an isolation method to obtain human endocervical intraepithelial lymphocytes for the analysis of intraepithelial gamma delta T cells. This protocol can be extended for the purification of endocervical gamma delta T cells by magnetic beads or by cell sorting.
04:19
Recording Gamma Band Oscillations From Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons in a Brain Slice
0 Views •
2025
The video demonstrates the method to record gamma-band oscillations in PPN neurons. Using a sagittal brain section with synaptic blockers in aCSF, it employs positive current pulses via a patch pipette to open calcium channels, inducing crucial subthreshold activity for wakefulness.
FAQs
ATM and related protein kinases target H2AX at serine 139 after DNA damage. That phosphorylation converts nearby H2AX molecules into γH2AX and allows the signal to extend through chromatin surrounding the lesion. The resulting modification connects the physical site of damage with a spatially detectable nuclear pattern, enabling experiments to follow changes in damage-associated signal over time.
The spread of γH2AX across nearby chromatin is important because a double-strand break is represented by a broader damage-associated region rather than only the precise DNA cut. This chromatin distribution can produce a visible nuclear focus after antibody labeling. Focus formation therefore provides a practical readout of the cellular response surrounding a lesion.
Damage type and experimental timing are essential for interpreting Gamma H2AX measurements. The presence of γH2AX signal indicates a damage-associated response, but its observed pattern or persistence should not be considered independently of when the sample was examined or what produced the damage. These variables are especially important when comparing repair kinetics between conditions.
Researchers detect Gamma H2AX through immunofluorescence or other antibody-based methods that recognize the phosphorylated histone form. In immunofluorescence analysis, the labeled signal appears as nuclear foci, allowing investigators to assess DNA damage-associated patterns in cells. Repeated measurements at different time points can then support monitoring of changes during the repair process.
γH2AX analysis is useful in genotoxicity studies, radiation biology, cancer biology, and investigations of DNA-damaging drugs. In these settings, researchers can examine whether experimental conditions produce a detectable DNA damage response and can monitor how that signal changes during repair. Its broad use makes it a practical biomarker across several areas of biology.
Nuclear γH2AX foci provide a measurable indication of DNA damage-associated activity and can be followed over time to monitor repair kinetics. Changes in the detected foci help researchers compare how cells respond under different experimental conditions. Interpretation remains dependent on the damage type and sampling time, so a focus measurement requires appropriate experimental context.