Polymer Particle Washing
Polymer Particle Washing - Related Videos
09:06
Intra-lymph Node Injection of Biodegradable Polymer Particles
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Cited by 45 •
2014
Lymph nodes are the immunological tissues that orchestrate immune response and are a critical target for vaccines. Biomaterials have been employed to better target lymph nodes and to control delivery of antigens or adjuvants. This paper describes a technique combining these ideas to inject biocompatible polymer particles into lymph nodes.
06:56
Particles without a Box: Brush-first Synthesis of Photodegradable PEG Star Polymers under Ambient Conditions
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Cited by 17 •
2013
Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) brush-arm star polymers (BASPs) with narrow mass distributions and tunable nanoscopic sizes are synthesized in via ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of a PEG-norbornene macromonomer followed by transfer of portions of the resulting living brush initiator to vials containing varied amounts of a rigid, photo-cleavable bis-norbornene crosslinker.
06:09
In Vitro Reassociation Assay to Measure the Formation of 80S Ribosomal Particles Using Salt-washed Ribosomal Subunits
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2025
Here, we describe a detailed protocol for the in vitro reassociation of purified, salt-washed eukaryotic ribosomal subunits for the analysis of 80S particle formation. This method is illustrated by analyzing ribosomal subunits isolated from a wild-type strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a mutant strain deficient in the ribosomal protein eL24.
02:34
Polymers
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2020
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
10:27
Preparation of Highly Porous Coordination Polymer Coatings on Macroporous Polymer Monoliths for Enhanced Enrichment of Phosphopeptides
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Cited by 12 •
2015
A procedure for the preparation of porous hybrid separation media composed of a macroporous polymer monolith internally coated by a high surface area microporous coordination polymer is presented.
FAQs
Solvent compatibility determines whether the washing liquid can contact the particles without damaging their dispersed state. An unsuitable liquid may promote aggregation or reduce recovery, whereas a compatible solvent supports repeated separation and redispersion. Selecting the liquid therefore influences both the removal of soluble contaminants and the amount and quality of polymer material retained for later characterization or use.
Ionic strength can affect particle stability while the particles are repeatedly separated and redispersed. If conditions destabilize the dispersion, particles may aggregate, making washing less uniform and increasing the possibility of material loss. Controlling ionic strength helps preserve the particle population during purification, improving the consistency of samples prepared for chemical characterization and colloidal materials research.
The required number of cycles depends on how effectively each separation and rinse reduces soluble contaminants, including residual monomers, surfactants, initiators, solvents, and byproducts. Repeated washing continues until these unwanted species are sufficiently reduced for the intended work. Excessive handling can be undesirable if it increases opportunities for aggregation or loss, so cycle number must balance purity and recovery.
Centrifugation and filtration both separate polymer particles from the surrounding washing liquid, but they use different physical arrangements and may impose different handling demands. The appropriate choice depends on particle stability, the washing liquid, and the need to limit material loss. Whichever method is selected, effective separation must permit subsequent rinsing or redispersion without compromising the sample.
A typical workflow starts by dispersing the synthesized particles in a suitable liquid, separating the particles from the liquid, and then redispersing or rinsing them in fresh liquid. This sequence is repeated to lower the concentration of soluble residues. Throughout the process, compatibility, ionic strength, dispersion stability, and recovery require attention because they influence the final sample quality.
Researchers use this purification step when residual synthesis components could interfere with subsequent characterization or applications. Removing soluble monomers, surfactants, initiators, solvents, and byproducts produces cleaner particle samples and improves reproducibility. The resulting materials can support work involving coatings, drug delivery, catalysis, and colloidal materials, where uncontrolled soluble residues may complicate interpretation or performance.
Effective washing reduces soluble impurities while preserving the particles as a usable dispersion or recovered material. Cleaner samples make characterization more reliable and allow comparisons between preparations with less interference from synthesis residues. In chemistry research, this improved reproducibility is important when polymer particles are evaluated as colloidal materials or incorporated into coatings, drug-delivery systems, or catalytic studies.