Name: hip muscles that move the thigh
Uploaded: 2024-03-28T14:28:28.000Z
Duration: 1 min 20 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Florida Department of Education

High School

Life Science

SC.912.L.14

SC.912.L.14.20

Muscles that Move the Thigh

허벅지를 움직이는 근육은 골반 거들과 요추에서 시작하여 대퇴골과 경골로 삽입됩니다.
장요근(iliopsoas muscle)은 요근(pyoas major muscle)과 장요근(iliacus muscle)이 결합된 중요한 고관절 굴곡근(hip flexor)입니다.
둔근에는 세 가지가 있습니다. 가장 큰 대둔근은 대퇴골을 확장하고 고관절에서 측면으로 회전시킵니다.
대둔근(gluteus medius)과 대둔근 미니무스(gluteus minimus)는 대둔근(gluteus maximus) 아래에 있으며 대퇴골 외전근(femoral abloyators) 및 내측 회전근(medial rotators)으로 기능합니다.
대둔근(gluteus maximus)과 텐서 근막(tensor fascia latae)은 장경인관 또는 IT 밴드라고 하는 두꺼운 결합 조직 밴드에 삽입되어 고관절과 무릎 관절을 안정화합니다.
이상근(piriformis), 폐쇄근 internus, 폐쇄근 externus, 상제게멜루스(superior gemellus), 하게멜루스(inferior gemellus) 및 대퇴사두근(quadratus femoris)은 대둔근 깊숙이 있으며 대퇴골을 측면으로 회전시킬 수 있습니다.
장내전근(adductor longus), 내전근(adductor brevis), 내전근(adductor magnus) 및 흉근(pectineus muscle)은 허벅지 내측에 위치하며 허벅지 내전과 내측 및 측면 회전에 기여합니다. 일반적으로 사타구니가 당겨지면 이러한 근육 중 하나가 부상을 입은 것입니다.

허벅지를 움직이는 근육

허벅지의 움직임은 주로 골반대에서 시작하여 대퇴골에 삽입되는 근육에 의해 지배됩니다. 중요한 근육 중 하나인 장요근은 대요근과 장골 근육의 조합으로, 대퇴골 소전자부의 공통 삽입 지점을 공유합니다.

세 가지 다른 중요한 근육은 대둔근, 중둔근, 소둔근입니다. 대둔근은 장골, 천골, 미골의 뒤쪽 표면과 흉요추 근막에서 시작하여 장경골로와 대퇴골의 둔부 결절에 부착됩니다. 주로 대퇴골의 주요 신근 역할을 합니다. 반대로, 반대 근육 작용으로 고관절 부위의 몸통을 강력하게 확장시킵니다.

중둔근과 소둔근은 대둔근 기시부 앞쪽에서 시작하여 대퇴골의 대전자에 붙습니다. 중둔근은 고관절에서 대퇴골의 강력한 외전 역할을 하며 접근 가능한 위치 때문에 근육내 주사가 자주 이루어지는 부위입니다. 대둔근 깊은 곳에는 6개의 근육(이상근, 내폐쇄근, 외폐쇄근, 윗쌍돌근, 아래쌍돌근, 대퇴방형근)이 있으며, 이들은 고관절에서 대퇴골의 외측 회전근으로 기능합니다.

또한, 대퇴근막장근은 허벅지의 측면 표면에 위치하며 경골의 측면 과두에 삽입됩니다. 이 근육은 힘줄 및 대둔근과 함께 장경골관을 형성하는 데 도움이 됩니다. 이름에서 알 수 있듯이 이 근육은 허벅지 전체를 둘러싸는 조밀한 결합 조직인 대퇴근막으로 둘러싸여 있습니다.

마지막으로, 허벅지의 안쪽 부분에는 장내전근, 단내전근, 대내전근이라는 세 가지 독특한 근육이 있습니다. 이 근육은 치골에서 시작하여 대퇴골에 삽입되어 허벅지를 내전하고 허벅지를 내측 및 외측으로 회전시키는 독특한 능력을 보여줍니다. 장내전근은 또한 허벅지를 굴곡시키는 반면 대내전근은 허벅지를 확장시킵니다. 가슴 근육은 또한 고관절에서 대퇴골을 내전하고 굴곡시키는 역할을 합니다.

허벅지의 움직임은 주로 골반 거들에서 시작하여 대퇴골에 삽입된 근육에 의해 제어됩니다. 중요한 근육 중 하나인 장요근은 ...

Education

교육

JoVE Core

Anatomy and Physiology

해부학 및 생리학

Unit 1

제1단원

The Muscular System

근육계

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

주요 용어 및 개념

hip muscles that move the thigh

Hip muscles control thigh movement by connecting the pelvic girdle to the femur. The iliopsoas is one key muscle group. It is made of the psoas major and iliacus muscles. Both share a common insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur.

The gluteal muscles also play major roles. The gluteus maximus starts on the posterior ilium, sacrum, coccyx, and thoracolumbar fascia. It inserts on the iliotibial tract and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur. This muscle is the chief extensor of the femur. In reverse muscle action, it also extends the torso at the hip joint.

The gluteus medius and gluteus minimus begin in front of the gluteus maximus origin and insert on the greater trochanter of the femur. The gluteus medius is a strong abductor, which means it moves the femur away from the body at the hip joint. It is also a common site for intramuscular injection because it is easy to reach.

Deep to the gluteus maximus are six lateral rotator muscles. These are the piriformis, obturator internus, obturator externus, superior gemellus, inferior gemellus, and quadratus femoris. They rotate the femur laterally at the hip joint. On the outer thigh, the tensor fasciae latae sits in the fascia lata, a dense connective tissue layer that surrounds the thigh, and helps form the iliotibial tract with its tendons and the gluteus maximus.

The medial thigh also contains important muscles. The adductor longus, adductor brevis, and adductor magnus start on the pubic bone and attach to the femur. They adduct the thigh, and they can rotate it both medially and laterally. The adductor longus also flexes the thigh, while the adductor magnus extends it. The pectineus also helps adduct and flex the femur at the hip joint.

Hip Muscles That Move the Thigh

the muscular system

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movement

The muscular system helps the body move, stay stable, and carry out internal work. It includes three kinds of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. Each type has a different role in the body. Skeletal muscles are under conscious control, so people can move them on purpose. They attach to bones by tendons, and their contraction and relaxation make actions like walking and lifting possible. These muscles also produce heat during physical activity, which helps maintain body...

fascicle arrangement in skeletal muscles

How Muscle Fiber Layout Shapes Movement

Skeletal muscle fascicles are bundles of muscle fibers, and their layout helps determine how a muscle moves. The way these fascicles are arranged affects both power and range of motion. Different arrangements give muscles different mechanical strengths. Parallel muscles have fascicles that run parallel to the long axis of the muscle. Common examples are the biceps brachii and the rectus abdominis. When these muscles contract, they shorten and become wider. They can shorten by about 30% of...

muscle coordination and action

Muscles That Work Together in Movement

Muscles work together to create smooth, purposeful movement. Actions such as flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation depend on this coordination. The body uses several muscles in a controlled way so joints and bones move as needed. Four functional roles help describe how muscles act during movement: agonist, antagonist, synergist, and fixator. An agonist, also called the prime mover, is the main muscle that produces a specific motion. During a bicep curl, the biceps brachii is...

naming skeletal muscles

How Muscles Get Their Names

Skeletal muscle names are built from features that help identify each muscle. The names of the roughly 700 muscles in the human body can point to where a muscle is found, what it looks like, or how it works. That makes the names easier to learn and remember. Many muscle names describe the region of the body. The temporalis muscle is in the head region, while the brachialis is in the arm. Other names describe position and depth. Muscles near the surface may be called externus or superficialis,...

axial and appendicular muscles

Muscles for Movement and Body Support

Skeletal muscles support movement and body structure. They are grouped into axial muscles and appendicular muscles based on where they are found and what they do. Axial muscles lie along the body’s midline. They connect with the axial skeleton, which includes the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum. These muscles help with facial expressions, head and neck movement, speaking, and eating. They also help control movement of the vertebral column with the back muscles. The trunk also contains...

muscles for facial expressions

How Facial Muscles Shape Expression

Facial muscles shape human expression by moving the skin of the face and scalp. These craniofacial muscles are thin skeletal muscles that lie just beneath the skin. They help create the nonverbal signals people use to show emotion and intention. There are about 20 of these muscles. Most begin on bones or fibrous parts of the skull and then extend outward to attach to the skin. They are called muscles of facial expression, or mimetic muscles, because they reflect feelings through movement. <br...

muscles of the eye

Eye Muscles and How They Focus

The eye muscles control movement, focus, and eyelid opening. The human eye uses ten muscles: six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one main eyelid retractor muscle. The six extraocular muscles sit around the eyeball and move it in different directions. The lateral rectus pulls the eye outward, and the medial rectus turns it inward toward the nose. The superior rectus and inferior rectus move the eye up and down, while the superior oblique and inferior oblique rotate the eye.

muscles of the anterior neck

Anterior Neck Muscles by Region

The anterior neck muscles are grouped by where they sit in the front of the neck. They include superficial muscles, suprahyoid muscles, and infrahyoid muscles. This layout helps show how the neck muscles are organized around the hyoid bone. The superficial muscles are the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. They include the platysma and sternocleidomastoid, often called the SCM. The platysma is a broad, thin muscle that stretches from the chest and shoulders to the lower jaw and...

muscles that move the head

How Neck Muscles Guide Head Motion

Neck muscles guide head motion by working together to bend, turn, and lift the head. They help with rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending. The sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, plus the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are major head flexors. The SCM runs from the sternum and clavicle to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. When both SCM muscles contract, they bend the head forward. When only one side contracts, it bends the head toward that side or turns the head to the opposite...

muscles of the vertebral column

How Back Muscles Support Spine Movement

Back muscles that lie deep to the thoracolumbar fascia are called intrinsic, or true, back muscles. They are grouped into four layers. These layers are the superficial, intermediate, deep, and deepest layers. The superficial layer mainly includes the splenius muscles. These are the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis. They help move the head and cervical spine by supporting extension, rotation, and lateral bending. The splenius capitis runs from the upper thoracic and lower cervical...

muscles of the thorax

How Thorax Muscles Drive Breathing

Thorax muscles help breathing and support movement in the upper body. They also help keep the chest stable. Together, these muscles make the rib cage move while the lungs fill and empty. The diaphragm is the main breathing muscle in the thorax. It is a wide, dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. It starts below the rib cage and lumbar vertebrae and attaches to the central tendon. When it contracts, it flattens and moves downward. This increases the...

muscles of the abdomen

Abdominal Wall Muscles and Support

The abdominal wall muscles support the abdominal cavity and help protect the internal organs. This flexible wall is bordered by the xiphoid process and costal margins at the top, the vertebral column at the back, and the pelvic bones and inguinal ligament at the bottom. It is divided into the anterolateral region and the posterior region. The anterolateral region includes five paired muscles in two groups. The lateral group contains the external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus...

muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum

Pelvic Floor Muscles and Continence

The pelvic floor and perineal muscles support the pelvic organs and help control continence. They also play roles in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. These muscles are usually divided into a superficial perineal layer and a deeper pelvic floor layer. The perineum is a diamond-shaped area below the pelvic diaphragm. It is split into an anterior urogenital triangle and a posterior anal triangle. The urogenital triangle contains the external genitals and includes the superficial...

muscles of the shoulder

Shoulder Girdle Muscles and Scapula Motion

Shoulder girdle muscles stabilize the clavicle and scapula, and that support helps the humerus move efficiently. Scapular movement also works with humerus movement and extends the arm’s range of motion. Raising the arm overhead depends on upward rotation of the scapula. The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and pectoralis minor. The serratus anterior, often called the boxer’s muscle, starts on the first to eighth or ninth ribs and inserts along the superior...

muscles that move the arm

Arm Muscles and Their Movements

Arm muscles move the humerus through flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Nine muscles help produce these arm movements. Two of them, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, come from the axial skeleton. The other seven begin on the scapula and are called scapular muscles. The pectoralis major has two origins, or heads. Its clavicular head starts on the medial half of the clavicle. Its sternocostal head starts on the costal cartilages of ribs 1 through 6, the sternum, and...

muscles that move the forearm

Forearm Muscles for Elbow and Rotation

Forearm muscles help the arm bend, straighten, and rotate at the elbow and radioulnar joints. They are grouped as forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint. The pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints. The forearm flexors are the biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis. The biceps brachii has two heads. Its long head begins at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, and its short head...

muscles of the forearm that move the hand and fingers

muscles-of-the-forearm-that-move-the-hand-and-fingers

Forearm Flexors, Extensors, and Wrist Support

The forearm muscles that move the wrist, hand, and fingers are grouped into anterior and posterior compartments. These muscles work together to bend, straighten, and stabilize the hand and digits. They also connect to the bones of the wrist and hand in organized layers. The anterior compartment contains the flexor muscles. These muscles usually start at the humerus and attach to the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus,...

muscles that move the thigh

Hip muscles control thigh movement by connecting the pelvic girdle to the femur. The iliopsoas is one key muscle group. It is made of the psoas major and iliacus muscles. Both share a common insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur. The gluteal muscles also play major roles. The gluteus maximus starts on the posterior ilium, sacrum, coccyx, and thoracolumbar fascia. It inserts on the iliotibial tract and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur. This muscle is the chief extensor of the femur.

muscles that move the leg

Thigh Muscles Behind Leg Motion

Thigh muscles help move the leg through flexion, extension, adduction, and rotation. They are grouped into the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh. Each group supports a different part of leg motion at the hip and knee. The anterior compartment includes the quadriceps femoris, the most visible thigh muscle group. It helps extend the leg and flex the thigh. The quadriceps is made of four muscles: vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris.

muscles of the leg that move the foot and toes

muscles-of-the-leg-that-move-the-foot-and-toes

Leg Muscle Groups for Foot Motion

The leg muscles that move the foot and toes are organized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments. Each compartment has a distinct set of muscles with its own actions. Together, they control dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion, eversion, and toe movement. The anterior compartment includes the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and fibularis tertius. The tibialis anterior runs along the lateral surface of the tibia, is easy to feel, and...

key terms and concepts

Explore the hip and thigh muscles that move the femur, including the iliopsoas, gluteals, lateral rotators, tensor fasciae latae, and adductors.

Hip Muscles That Move the Thigh | JoVE K12

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Hip Muscles That Move the Thigh

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