Osteochondral Explants
Osteochondral Explants - Related Videos
05:23
Establishment and Evaluation of a Sheep Model of Full-thickness Osteochondral Defect
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2026
Here, we present an integrated protocol for generating controlled osteochondral lesions in sheep knees to establish an experimental model suitable for bone and cartilage tissue regeneration studies. The protocol outlines a method for inducing a full-thickness osteochondral defect in the femoral condyle, utilizing techniques that minimize animal welfare impacts and variability in results.
11:22
Treatment of Osteochondral Defects in the Rabbit's Knee Joint by Implantation of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Fibrin Clots
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Cited by 32 •
2013
An experimental technique for the treatment of osteochondral defects in the rabbit's knee joint is described. The implantation of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells into osteochondral defects provides a promising development in the field of tissue engineering. The preparation of fibrin-cell-clots in vitro offers a standardized method for implantation.
06:25
Explant Culture for Developmental Studies
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2023
Explant culture is a technique in which living cells or tissues are removed from an embryo for continued development outside of the organism. This ex vivo approach allows researchers to manipulate and observe developing tissues in ways that are not possible in vivo. Once established, explant culture is frequently used to understand the role of genes and signaling molecules in organogenesis. This video will first introduce the basic principles of explant culture and demonstrate a protocol to...
07:45
Explant Culture of Neural Tissue
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2023
The intricate structure of the vertebrate nervous system arises from a complex series of events involving cell differentiation, cell migration, and changes in cell morphology. Studying these processes is essential to our understanding of nervous system function as well as our ability to diagnose and treat disorders that result from abnormal development. However, neural tissues are relatively inaccessible for experimental manipulations, especially in embryonic mammals. As a result, many...
14:32
Primary Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Grown from Explants
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Cited by 19 •
2010
Here we describe a detailed method for growing primary human bronchial epithelial cells from explants of human bronchial airway tissue including differentiated growth on an air-liquid interface. This method provides an abundant source of primary cells for investigating the role of the airway epithelium in human lung health and disease.
FAQs
The cartilage-bone interface preserves interactions between two structurally connected tissue regions that are lost when each component is studied separately. Maintaining this organization allows researchers to examine responses within the osteochondral unit rather than observing cartilage or bone in isolation. This is particularly relevant when evaluating repair strategies, degeneration, or biomaterial integration across the interface.
Researchers can deliberately vary media composition, mechanical loading, injury, or biomaterial exposure while retaining the explant’s native cells and extracellular matrix. These controlled changes help separate how biochemical, physical, and injury-related factors affect tissue behavior. The resulting model supports comparison of repair responses or degenerative changes under defined experimental conditions.
Because the tissue architecture, native cell populations, extracellular matrix, and cartilage-bone interface remain present, osteochondral explants preserve relationships that isolated cell cultures cannot represent fully. This added organization can make responses to injury, loading, scaffolds, or candidate therapeutics more informative for tissue-level behavior, while still allowing researchers to control the culture environment.
A study generally places the intact tissue specimen in culture and then defines the experimental variables, such as media composition, mechanical loading, induced injury, or biomaterial exposure. Researchers compare the resulting tissue responses under these controlled conditions. This arrangement enables investigation of structure-function relationships and treatment effects without immediately moving to an animal study.
A scaffold or other biomaterial can be introduced while the native cartilage, subchondral bone, and their interface remain available for evaluation. Researchers can then examine how the material interacts with the organized tissue environment and whether it supports repair-related responses. This provides bioengineering evidence about integration in a setting more representative than an isolated cell system.
They are useful when investigators need to examine tissue degeneration or responses to candidate therapeutics within an organized cartilage-bone system. Researchers can apply controlled injury, culture conditions, or treatment exposure and assess resulting changes in the explant. This supports osteoarthritis research by connecting experimental interventions with behavior of the intact osteochondral unit.
These specimens provide an intermediate experimental platform between simplified in vitro systems and animal studies. Bioengineers can assess scaffold integration, repair responses, degeneration, and candidate therapeutics while preserving native tissue organization. Findings from this stage can help inform regenerative strategies and guide decisions about which approaches warrant further evaluation in more complex models.