Stat Signaling
Stat Signaling - Related Videos
11:19
Merging Absolute and Relative Quantitative PCR Data to Quantify STAT3 Splice Variant Transcripts
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Cited by 2 •
2016
Tandem splicing events occur at sites less than 12 nucleotides apart. Quantifying ratios of such splice variants is feasible using an absolute quantitative PCR approach. This manuscript describes how splice variants of the gene STAT3, in which two splicing events results in Serine-701 inclusion/exclusion and α/β C-termini, can be quantified.
08:42
Skeletal Phenotype Analysis of a Conditional Stat3 Deletion Mouse Model
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Cited by 4 •
2020
This protocol describes a canonical method to understand the critical genes controlling osteoclast activity in vivo. This method uses a transgenic mouse model and some canonical techniques to analyze skeletal phenotype.
01:26
Signal and System
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2024
A signal x(t) is a set of data or a time function representing a variable of interest. Signals typically convey information about a phenomenon, such as atmospheric temperature, humidity, human voice, television images, a dog's bark, or birdsongs. More generally, a signal can be a function of more than one independent variable. For instance, images depend on horizontal and vertical positions and can be regarded as two-dimensional signals. However, this text will focus on one-dimensional signals...
12:24
Mimicking the Function of Signaling Proteins: Toward Artificial Signal Transduction Therapy
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2016
We present guidelines for developing synthetic 'chemical transducers' that can induce communication between naturally unrelated proteins. In addition, detailed protocols are presented for synthesizing and testing a specific 'transducer' that enables a growth factor to activate a detoxifying enzyme and consequently, to regulate the cleavage of an anticancer prodrug.
01:21
Cell-surface Signaling
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2019
Hormones—or any molecule that binds to a receptor, known as a ligand—that are lipid-insoluble (water-soluble) are not able to diffuse across the cell membrane. In order to be able to affect a cell without entering it, these hormones bind to receptors on the cell membrane. When a first messenger, a hormone, binds to a receptor, a signal cascade is set off, causing second messengers, proteins inside the cell, to become activated, resulting in downstream effects. Variety of Receptor Families
FAQs
JAKs provide the relay between an extracellular cytokine or growth factor and the STAT proteins that alter gene expression. Once the external signal engages its receptor, the associated JAKs phosphorylate STATs, marking the transition from receptor-level communication to transcriptional regulation. This relay allows cells to connect environmental cues with coordinated changes in growth, differentiation, survival, or immune activity.
Phosphorylation is the activation step that enables STAT proteins to proceed through the pathway. After receiving this modification from JAKs, STATs dimerize and can move into the nucleus. There, they regulate target genes rather than merely carrying a signal. Examining phosphorylation therefore helps distinguish an upstream signal from its downstream transcriptional consequences.
Dimerization places two activated STAT proteins into a functional signaling unit that can enter the nucleus. Nuclear entry is essential because the pathway ultimately changes target-gene expression, not just receptor activity. The resulting transcriptional program can influence immune responses, cell growth, differentiation, and survival, linking a short extracellular cue to broader cellular behavior.
A useful conceptual workflow follows the pathway from extracellular cue to outcome: identify cytokine or growth factor engagement, examine receptor-associated JAK activation and STAT phosphorylation, assess STAT dimerization and nuclear entry, then relate these events to target-gene regulation. Connecting each stage helps determine whether altered cell behavior arises near the receptor, during signal transmission, or at transcriptional control.
The pathway is relevant whenever researchers investigate how cells coordinate immune responses, growth, differentiation, or survival. It also provides a framework for studying development and tissue function, where communication between extracellular signals and gene expression is essential. Researchers can use pathway components to connect cellular behavior with the molecular events that regulate it.
Abnormal or persistent pathway activation can contribute to inflammatory disease and cancer, making the signaling cascade useful for investigating disease mechanisms. Researchers may examine its components to determine how prolonged signaling affects gene regulation and cellular behavior. Those same components can serve as targets for developing therapeutic inhibitors intended to interfere with disease-associated pathway activity.